Public policies for sustainable rural development: case study of the Rio Rural Program

Autor: Hissa, Helga Restum
Přispěvatelé: Assis, Renato Linhares de, Guedes, Cezar Miranda, Barros, Regina Cohen, Schl?ter, Sabine, Nascimento, Petula Ponciano
Jazyk: portugalština
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Zdroj: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJ
Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ)
instacron:UFRRJ
Popis: Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2023-01-03T17:43:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2020 - Helga Restum Hissa.pdf: 4566755 bytes, checksum: 2c806b6c64c9f0bcf249a645058f2af0 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2023-01-03T17:43:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2020 - Helga Restum Hissa.pdf: 4566755 bytes, checksum: 2c806b6c64c9f0bcf249a645058f2af0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020-05-01 CAPES - Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior The analyses of the Rio Rural Program produce reflections about developing public policies to promote sustainable rural development. The context of the policy rationale comprised the decapitalization of family farming and the degradation of natural resources, which put social reproduction and the conservation of ecosystems of high biological richness and global importance of the Atlantic Forest at risk, in addition to increasing the vulnerability to extreme climatic events. The analysis was undertaken using data triangulation through documentary analysis, qualitative research involving implementers and beneficiaries, and exploratory data analysis from the Program?s monitoring and evaluation system, applying data triangulation to capture the main lessons learned over 20 years (1999 to 2018). The public policy cycle approach was used to establish analytical framework regarding problem identification, agenda setting, policy formulation, implementation and evaluation stages of the policy. The results and impacts produced by the Program were analyzed concerning social, economic, environmental and institutional aspects under the perspective of long-term sustainability. The analysis highlights the articulation of managers and implementers who acted as policy entrepreneurs, mobilizing the multiple streams in a way that the Program could gain support from multiple actors and external financial resources which facilitated accesses to the state?s political agenda. The implementation occurred in three phases, associated with the World Bank's financial support, which allowed the Program extension for three consecutive governmental cycles. The strategies formulated were based on the improvement of the participatory planning methodology in watersheds, reinforcing the principles of social participation and decentralization of decisions, adding the focus of strengthening community self-management and social capital to improve the watershed management committees, authority instruments created to compose Rio Rural?s decision-making structure at the local level. The economic instrument employed was a system of non-reimbursable financial incentives that funded directly the beneficiaries, aimed at inducing the integrated adoption of productive and environmental practices and encouraging collective projects. The analysis suggests that the results of increasing productivity and income, raising awareness and engagement in environmental conservation actions and improving the participation of family farmers in public decisions were associated with the establishment of coalition networks around implementation, enabling the articulation of partnerships and co-investments that optimized Program?s effectiveness. The activation of this network in favor of sustainable rural development depends on the starting social capital of rural community, the commitment of the implementers and the available resources. The sustainability of actions requires better convergence between public policies within rural and environmental sectors, and greater appreciation of sustainable family farming products in the consumer market in Rio de Janeiro, generating long-lasting compensatory financial mechanisms. This governance should foster and maintain active networks between government institutions, social and market actors, stimulated by the Rio Rural Program, in order to qualify participatory and decentralized decision-making processes, around future cycles of integrated public policies for sustainable rural development. A pesquisa sobre o Programa Rio Rural produziu reflex?es acerca da produ??o de pol?ticas p?blicas para o desenvolvimento rural sustent?vel. O contexto da fundamenta??o da pol?tica compreendeu a descapitaliza??o da agricultura familiar e a degrada??o dos recursos naturais, que colocavam em risco a reprodu??o social e a conserva??o de ecossistemas de elevada riqueza biol?gica e import?ncia global da Mata Atl?ntica Fluminense, al?m de aumentar a vulnerabilidade a eventos clim?ticos extremos. A pesquisa se baseou em an?lise documental, pesquisas qualitativas junto a executores e benefici?rios e an?lise explorat?ria de dados do sistema de monitoramento e avalia??o do Programa, aplicando-se a triangula??o de dados para capturar as principais li??es aprendidas ao longo de 20 anos (1999 a 2018). Empregou-se o recorte do ciclo de pol?ticas p?blicas para estabelecer construtos anal?ticos sobre as fases de identifica??o do problema, ascens?o ? agenda pol?tica, formula??o, implementa??o e avalia??o. Os resultados e impactos produzidos pelo Programa foram analisados sob os eixos social, econ?mico, ambiental e institucional e sob a ?tica da sustentabilidade no longo prazo. A an?lise destaca a articula??o exercida por gestores e implementadores que atuaram como empreendedores de pol?ticas p?blicas, movimentando os m?ltiplos fluxos para que o Programa ganhasse apoio de m?ltiplos atores e recursos financeiros externos que facilitaram a ascens?o ? agenda pol?tica estadual. A implementa??o ocorreu em tr?s fases, associadas ao aporte financeiro do Banco Mundial, permitindo a extens?o por tr?s ciclos governamentais. As estrat?gias formuladas basearam-se no aprimoramento da metodologia de planejamento participativo em microbacias hidrogr?ficas, refor?ando os princ?pios da participa??o social e descentraliza??o das decis?es, agregando o enfoque de fortalecimento da autogest?o comunit?ria aos comit?s gestores de microbacias, instrumentos de autoridade criados para compor a estrutura decis?ria ao n?vel local. O instrumento de tesouro empregado foi um sistema de incentivos financeiros n?o reembols?veis destinados diretamente aos benefici?rios que visava a induzir ? ado??o integrada de pr?ticas produtivas e ambientais e estimular projetos coletivos. A an?lise sugere que os melhores resultados de aumento de produtividade e renda, eleva??o da percep??o e engajamento na conserva??o ambiental e aprimoramento da participa??o dos agricultores familiares nas decis?es p?blicas estiveram associados ao estabelecimento de redes de coaliz?o em torno da implementa??o, viabilizando a articula??o de parcerias e co-investimentos que otimizaram o alcance do Programa. A ativa??o dessa rede em prol do desenvolvimento sustent?vel depende do capital social da comunidade, do comprometimento dos implementadores e dos recursos dispon?veis. A sustentabilidade das a??es requer melhor converg?ncia entre pol?ticas p?blicas dos setores rural e ambiental e maior valoriza??o dos produtos sustent?veis da agricultura familiar no atrativo mercado consumidor do Rio de Janeiro, gerando mecanismos financeiros compensat?rios duradouros. Essa governan?a dever? fomentar e manter ativas as redes entre institui??es governamentais, atores sociais e de mercado, estimuladas pelo Rio Rural, a fim de qualificar processos participativos e descentralizados de decis?o em torno de futuros ciclos de pol?ticas p?blicas integradas para o desenvolvimento rural sustent?vel.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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