Avalia????o de enzimas de fungos da Amaz??nia visando a melhora do processamento das fibras da malva (Urena lobata L., 1753)

Autor: Santiago, Sarah Raquel Silveira da Silva
Přispěvatelé: Souza, Antonia Queiroz Lima de, Souza, Afonso Duarte Le??o de, Albuquerque, Patr??cia Melchionna, Maia, Jair Max Furtunato, Pereira, Henrique dos Santos, Silva, Leonor Alves de Oliveira da
Jazyk: portugalština
Rok vydání: 2022
Předmět:
Zdroj: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFAM
Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM)
instacron:UFAM
ISSN: 1747-0978
Popis: Submitted by Sarah Santiago (srhraquel@hotmail.com) on 2022-08-04T16:46:14Z No. of bitstreams: 3 460??_Ata_de_Defesa_-_Sarah_Raquel_assinado_HSP_assinado.pdf: 344326 bytes, checksum: 0b02951b1c788f83d4764d1747097806 (MD5) Carta de encaminhamento.pdf: 91247 bytes, checksum: 76e777b5a2c4910b75a54588bee0857c (MD5) Tese Sarah Raquel Final.pdf: 2285591 bytes, checksum: b32ff903204edeaf6e27a9460821e033 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by PPG BIONORTE (secestadualppgbionorte@uea.edu.br) on 2022-08-23T17:43:11Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 3 460??_Ata_de_Defesa_-_Sarah_Raquel_assinado_HSP_assinado.pdf: 344326 bytes, checksum: 0b02951b1c788f83d4764d1747097806 (MD5) Carta de encaminhamento.pdf: 91247 bytes, checksum: 76e777b5a2c4910b75a54588bee0857c (MD5) Tese Sarah Raquel Final.pdf: 2285591 bytes, checksum: b32ff903204edeaf6e27a9460821e033 (MD5) Rejected by Divis??o de Documenta????o/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br), reason: Corrigir na Ficha Catalogr??fica (alterar apenas o que foi solicitado e manter as demais informa????es): a) Onde se l?? "Orientador???, leia-se "Orientadora" (Selecionar a op????o Orientadora no formul??rio). b) Corrigir o nome da orientadora que deve constar apenas ???Antonia Queiroz Lima de Souza???, sem espa??o e ??? ( ??? ao final. c) Deve-se inserir a Ficha conforme gerada automaticamente pelo sistema (N??o alterar formata????o e texto manualmente). on 2022-08-24T19:16:09Z (GMT) Submitted by Sarah Santiago (srhraquel@hotmail.com) on 2022-09-13T01:23:29Z No. of bitstreams: 3 460??_Ata_de_Defesa_-_Sarah_Raquel_assinado_HSP_assinado.pdf: 344326 bytes, checksum: 0b02951b1c788f83d4764d1747097806 (MD5) Carta de encaminhamento.pdf: 91247 bytes, checksum: 76e777b5a2c4910b75a54588bee0857c (MD5) Tese Sarah Raquel Final.pdf: 2312688 bytes, checksum: c2e6ff134d7d07a170d892b2428324a2 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by PPG BIONORTE (secestadualppgbionorte@uea.edu.br) on 2022-09-13T15:16:43Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 3 460??_Ata_de_Defesa_-_Sarah_Raquel_assinado_HSP_assinado.pdf: 344326 bytes, checksum: 0b02951b1c788f83d4764d1747097806 (MD5) Carta de encaminhamento.pdf: 91247 bytes, checksum: 76e777b5a2c4910b75a54588bee0857c (MD5) Tese Sarah Raquel Final.pdf: 2312688 bytes, checksum: c2e6ff134d7d07a170d892b2428324a2 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by PPG BIONORTE (secestadualppgbionorte@uea.edu.br) on 2022-09-13T15:16:49Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 3 460??_Ata_de_Defesa_-_Sarah_Raquel_assinado_HSP_assinado.pdf: 344326 bytes, checksum: 0b02951b1c788f83d4764d1747097806 (MD5) Carta de encaminhamento.pdf: 91247 bytes, checksum: 76e777b5a2c4910b75a54588bee0857c (MD5) Tese Sarah Raquel Final.pdf: 2312688 bytes, checksum: c2e6ff134d7d07a170d892b2428324a2 (MD5) Rejected by Divis??o de Documenta????o/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br), reason: 1. Verificar a capa e folha de rosto que constam apenas o nome da Universidade do Estadual do Amazonas. A ???Universidade Federal do Amazonas??? deve constar, tamb??m, para submiss??o no BDTD/UFAM. 2. 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No. of bitstreams: 3 460??_Ata_de_Defesa_-_Sarah_Raquel_assinado_HSP_assinado.pdf: 344326 bytes, checksum: 0b02951b1c788f83d4764d1747097806 (MD5) Carta de encaminhamento.pdf: 91247 bytes, checksum: 76e777b5a2c4910b75a54588bee0857c (MD5) Tese Sarah Raquel Final.pdf: 2313313 bytes, checksum: 8dcd0ce5e3c38c9f051a4d6be92ab445 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2022-03-29 CAPES - Coordena????o de Aperfei??oamento de Pessoal de N??vel Superior FAPEAM - Funda????o de Amparo ?? Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas The cultivation of caesarweed (Urena lobata) is cultural in the State of Amazonas since 1970 and the production of these fibers has had its ups and downs in the local economy. Currently, they are cultivated by riverside dwellers, being one of the main crops in the State of Amazonas. Malviculturists face some adversities in the process of obtaining fiber, such as onychomycosis, dermatoses, in addition to the risk of attacks by venomous animals. The Amazon region is potentially rich in microorganisms and among these are endophytic fungi, fungi associated with aquatic environments and soil. In chapter I, the microorganisms isolated and preserved from the tissues of in natura and macerated caesarweed are presented, in addition to the environments associated with their planting, obtaining 191 preserved fungi from a total of 344 isolated microorganisms. The fungi were grouped and 10% of the total of each group was sequenced, obtaining 24 different species with biotechnological potentials reported in the literature. In chapter II, Fusarium pseudocircinatum (1290) and Corynespora torulosa (1291) strains were evaluated for their potential for lignocellulase production using dried and crushed caesarweed as substrate in Manachini and GLBN 40 mineral salt solutions over 10 days under agitation. in submerged cultivation. The enzymatic extracts were filtered in a vacuum filtration system (Millipore 0.22 ??m) and the lignocellulases activities were quantified. C. torulosa was the best producer of laccase (8,691 U/L), MnP (5,353 U/L), ??-glucosidase (0.3285 U/mL) and CMCase (0.7038 U/mL) and F. pseudocircinatum was the best producer of FPase (1.29 U/mL), xylanase (12.05 U/mL) and pectinase (0.18 U/mL). None of the strains showed Lignin Peroxidase activity. In chapter III, the strains F. pseudocircinatum, Trichoderma longibrachiatum and Talaromyces pratensis were evaluated for pectinase production varying the temperature (28, 30 and 32?? C), pH (4, 5 and 6) and cultivation time (3, 4 and 5 days) using dry caesarweed (5%) as substrate in submerged cultivation. F. pseudocircinatum showed the highest peak of pectinase production (0.2261 U/mL) under test conditions 28 ??C, pH 6, on the 4th day of cultivation. Under these conditions, 18 fungi were tested for pectinase production and the three best strains [F. pseudocircinatum (1290) 0.2261 U/mL, Westerdykella dispersa, (1321) 0.2113 U/mL) and Diaporthe eucalyptorum, (1300) 0.1981 U/mL] were subjected to xylanase quantification [1290 (4.6113 U/mL), 1321 (2.7388 U/mL) and 1300 showed no activity] and CMCase [1300 (0.1003 U/mL), 1321 (0.0887 U/mL) and 1290 showed no activity]. Strains 1290 and 1321 were selected for production on a larger scale and for the shredding test where caesarweed stalks (10 cm) were submerged in an enzymatic solution at concentrations of 50, 100 and 200 mg/mL, at temperatures of 40 and 50 ??C and collected at 3, 5 and 7 days. Both enzymatic extracts promoted fiber softening and defibration. The extract of the strain of F. pseudocircinatum (1290), temperature of 40 ??C, 200 mg/mL and 7 days of incubation was more efficient in the defibration of caesarweed, allowing the reduction of the maceration time. Therefore, this research aimed to evaluate the potential of fungal enzymes for the processing of caesarweed in search of an alternative that provides a reduction in the defibering time and improves the quality of the fibers. O cultivo de malva (Urena lobata) para a produ????o de fibras ?? cultural no Estado do Amazonas desde 1970 com a imigra????o japonesa e essas fibras tiveram seus altos e baixos na economia local ao longo do tempo. Atualmente s??o cultivadas por ribeirinhos sendo uma das principais culturas do Estado do Amazonas. Os malvicultores encontram v??rias adversidades no processo de obten????o da fibra, tais como onicomicoses, dermatoses, al??m do risco de ataques de animais pe??onhentos. A regi??o Amaz??nica ?? potencialmente rica em microrganismos e dentre estes est??o os fungos endofiticos, fungos associados a ambientes aqu??ticos e ao solo. No cap??tulo I, apresenta-se os microrganismos isolados e preservados dos tecidos da malva in natura e macerada, al??m dos ambientes associados ao seu plantio, obtendo-se 191 fungos preservados de um total de 344 microrganismos isolados. Os fungos foram agrupados e 10% do total de cada grupo foi sequenciado obtendo-se 24 esp??cies diferentes com potenciais biotecnol??gicos relatados na literatura cient??fica. No cap??tulo II as linhagens Fusarium pseudocircinatum (1290) e Corynespora torulosa (1291) foram avaliadas quanto ao seu potencial de produ????o de lignocelulases usando como substrato a malva seca e triturada nas solu????es de sais minerais Manachini e GLBN 40 ao longo de 10 dias sob agita????o em cultivo submerso. Os extratos enzim??ticos foram filtrados em sistema de filtra????o a v??cuo (Millipore 0,22 ??m) e quantificadas as atividades de lignocelulases. C. torulosa foi o melhor produtor de lacase (8.691 U/L), MnP (5.353 U/L), ??-glicosidase (0,3285 U/mL) e CMCase (0,7038 U/mL) e o F. pseudocircinatum foi o melhor produtor de FPase (1,29 U/mL), xilanase (12,05 U/mL) e pectinase (0,18 U/mL). Nenhuma das linhagens apresentou atividade de Lignina Peroxidase. No cap??tulo III as linhagens F. pseudocircinatum, Trichoderma longibrachiatum e Talaromyces pratensis foram avaliadas quanto ?? produ????o de pectinase variando a temperatura (28, 30 e 32?? C), pH (4, 5 e 6) e tempo de cultivo (3, 4 e 5 dias) utilizando malva seca (5%) como substrato em cultivo submerso. O F. pseudocircinatum apresentou o maior pico de produ????o de pectinase (0,2261 U/mL) nas condi????es de ensaio 28?? C, pH 6, no 4?? dia de cultivo. Nestas condi????es, 23 fungos foram testados quanto ?? produ????o de pectinase e as tr??s melhores linhagens [F. pseudocircinatum (1290) 0,2261 U/mL, Westerdykella dispersa, (1321) 0,2113 U/mL e Diaporthe eucalyptorum, (1300) 0,1981 U/mL] foram submetidos ?? quantifica????o de xilanase [1290 (4,6113 U/mL), 1321 (2,7388 U/mL) e 1300 n??o apresentou atividade] e CMCase [1300 (0,1003 U/mL), 1321 (0,0887 U/mL) e 1290 n??o apresentou atividade]. As linhagens 1290 e 1321 foram selecionadas para a produ????o em escala maior e para o ensaio de desfibramento onde talos de malva (10 cm) foram submersos em solu????o enzim??tica nas concentra????es 50, 100 e 200 mg/mL, temperatura de 40 e 50?? C e analisados com 3, 5 e 7 dias. Ambos os extratos enzim??ticos promoveram o amolecimento da fibra e desfibramento. O extrato da linhagem de F. pseudocircinatum (1290), temperatura de 40?? C, 200 mg/mL e 7 dias de incuba????o foi mais eficiente no desfibramento de malva possibilitando a redu????o do tempo de macera????o desta. O potencial de enzimas f??ngicas para o processamento da malva em busca de uma alternativa que proporcione a redu????o do tempo de desfibramento e aprimore a qualidade das fibras foi comprovado com est?? pesquisa.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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