Colletotrichum siamense como estrat??gia de controle biol??gico da antracnose em guaranazeiro

Autor: Casas, Luana Lopes, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0917-1941
Přispěvatelé: Azevedo, Jo??o L??cio de, Pereira, Jos?? Odair, Costa Neto, Pedro de Queiroz, Astolfi Filho, Spartaco, Mota, Adolfo Jos?? da, Queiroz, Marisa Vieira de, Hanada, Rog??rio Eiji
Jazyk: portugalština
Rok vydání: 2021
Předmět:
Zdroj: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFAM
Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM)
instacron:UFAM
Popis: Submitted by Luana Casas (luanacasas05@gmail.com) on 2021-08-11T21:15:08Z No. of bitstreams: 4 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Tese - Luana Lopes Casas.pdf: 1689871 bytes, checksum: 6243804393fd58afd1777b8696c0ebc6 (MD5) 410?? Ata de Defesa.pdf: 368181 bytes, checksum: ba509ab7b1babcecd6697f4358fcc2c7 (MD5) Carta de encaminhamento.pdf: 173070 bytes, checksum: 408928974e6f0a7ae3f166b5142d0c78 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by PPG BIONORTE (secestadualppgbionorte@uea.edu.br) on 2022-03-31T14:48:18Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 4 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Tese - Luana Lopes Casas.pdf: 1689871 bytes, checksum: 6243804393fd58afd1777b8696c0ebc6 (MD5) 410?? Ata de Defesa.pdf: 368181 bytes, checksum: ba509ab7b1babcecd6697f4358fcc2c7 (MD5) Carta de encaminhamento.pdf: 173070 bytes, checksum: 408928974e6f0a7ae3f166b5142d0c78 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Divis??o de Documenta????o/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2022-03-31T17:27:30Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 4 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Tese - Luana Lopes Casas.pdf: 1689871 bytes, checksum: 6243804393fd58afd1777b8696c0ebc6 (MD5) 410?? Ata de Defesa.pdf: 368181 bytes, checksum: ba509ab7b1babcecd6697f4358fcc2c7 (MD5) Carta de encaminhamento.pdf: 173070 bytes, checksum: 408928974e6f0a7ae3f166b5142d0c78 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2022-03-31T17:27:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 4 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Tese - Luana Lopes Casas.pdf: 1689871 bytes, checksum: 6243804393fd58afd1777b8696c0ebc6 (MD5) 410?? Ata de Defesa.pdf: 368181 bytes, checksum: ba509ab7b1babcecd6697f4358fcc2c7 (MD5) Carta de encaminhamento.pdf: 173070 bytes, checksum: 408928974e6f0a7ae3f166b5142d0c78 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021-07-09 CAPES - Coordena????o de Aperfei??oamento de Pessoal de N??vel Superior FAPEAM - Funda????o de Amparo ?? Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas Brazil stands out in the world market for being the only exporter of guaran?? on a commercial scale. The culture of guarana is of great importance for the economy of Amazonas, both from an economic and social point of view. Despite the Amazon region being the center of origin of the plant, in recent years the production of guaran?? has declined. Among the factors that have led to this reality, the disease called anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum spp. The use of endophytic microorganisms has been considered a viable alternative due to their ability to protect the plant against the attack of phytopathogens. Furthermore, studies with fungi infected with mycoviruses have drawn attention to its potential use as a biological control agent. Thus, this work aimed to use the fungus Colletotrichum siamense, isolated as an endophytic from guaran?? leaves and infected with mycovirus, as a biological control agent for anthracnose in guaran??. The influence of the fungus on physiological and morphological characteristics of the seedlings was also evaluated. To evaluate the in vivo inhibition potential, cuttings of the cultivar BRS-Ceri??aporanga and seedlings of the cultivar Mau??s were used. The experiment was conducted in two stages. In the first one, the fungus was inoculated by rooting cuttings of the BRS-Ceri??aporanga cultivar. After the period for the establishment of C. siamense, a suspension of conidia of the phytopathogen C. fructicola was sprayed on the seedlings. The seedlings were evaluated for the percentage of characteristic lesions of the disease during 28 days. Morphological analyzes were performed using fresh and dry mass, height and length of the aerial part and root system as parameters. Leaflets from all treatments were analyzed for the presence of macro and micronutrients. In the second stage, the endophyte was sprayed directly on the aerial parts of seedlings of cultivar BRS-Mau??s. After the period of establishment of the fungus, the phytopathogen was sprayed and the seedlings were observed for 28 days. Leaflets from all treatments were collected at times 0h, 48h, 72h and 96h to measure total proteins, peroxidase (POX), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and chitinase (CHI). The results of the first stage showed that the inoculation of C. siamense in guaran?? seedlings helped in reducing the percentage of lesions. In addition, the presence of the fungus helped in the vegetative growth of the plant, reflecting the increase in the aerial part. Significant differences were found in the levels of macro and micronutrients in leaf tissues. The results of the second stage also showed a potential for inhibition of lesions when C. siamense was inoculated in the seedling stage. The presence of the endophyte promoted the synthesis of total proteins and enzymes at different times after inoculation of the phytopathogen. At 48 and 72 hours, the seedlings with the endophyte showed higher POX production. After 72 hours, there was a decrease in the production of this enzyme in all treatments. PAL activity increased after 48 and 72 h. There was no trend in CHI production when compared to other enzymes. Additional studies are needed to optimize the experimental conditions and validate the potential of C. siamense for biocontrol in guarana seedlings. O Brasil destaca-se no mercado mundial por ser o ??nico exportador de guaran?? em escala comercial. A cultura do guaran?? ?? de grande import??ncia para a economia do Amazonas, tanto do ponto de vista econ??mico como social. Apesar da regi??o amaz??nica ser o centro de origem da planta, nos ??ltimos anos a produ????o de guaran?? entrou em decl??nio. Dentre os fatores que t??m levado a esta realidade destaca-se a doen??a denominada antracnose causada por Colletotrichum spp. A utiliza????o de microrganismos endof??ticos tem sido considerada uma alternativa vi??vel devido a capacidade destes em proteger a planta contra o ataque de fitopat??genos. Al??m disso, estudos com fungos infectados com micov??rus t??m despertado a aten????o para o uso potencial como agente de controle biol??gico. Desta forma, este trabalho objetivou utilizar o fungo Colletotrichum siamense, isolado como endof??tico de folhas de guaranazeiro e infectado com micov??rus, como agente de controle biol??gico da antracnose em guaranazeiro. Foram avaliadas tamb??m a influ??ncia do fungo sobre caracter??sticas fisiol??gicas e morfol??gicas das mudas. Para avaliar o potencial de inibi????o in vivo foram usadas estacas da cultivar BRS-Cere??aporanga e mudas da cultivar Mau??s. O experimento foi conduzido em duas etapas. Na primeira, o fungo foi inoculado via enraizamento de estacas da cultivar BRS-Cere??aporanga. Ap??s o per??odo para o estabelecimento de C. siamense foi borrifada sobre as mudas uma suspens??o de con??dios do fitopat??geno C. fructicola. As mudas foram avaliadas quanto ao percentual de les??es caracter??sticas da doen??a durante 28 dias. As an??lises morfol??gicas foram feitas utilizando como par??metros massa fresca e seca, altura e comprimento da parte a??rea e do sistema radicular. Fol??olos de todos os tratamentos foram analisados quanto a presen??a de macro e micronutrientes. Na segunda etapa, o end??fito foi borrifado diretamente nas partes a??reas de mudas da cultivar BRS-Mau??s. Ap??s o per??odo de estabelecimento do fungo, o fitopat??geno foi borrifado e as mudas foram observadas por 28 dias. Fol??olos de todos os tratamentos foram coletados nos tempos 0h, 48h, 72h e 96h para dosar prote??nas totais, peroxidase (POX), fenilalanina am??nia-liase (PAL) e quitinase (CHI). Os resultados da primeira etapa demonstraram que a inocula????o de C. siamense em mudas de guaranazeiro auxiliou na redu????o do percentual de les??es. Al??m disso, a presen??a do fungo auxiliou no crescimento vegetativo da planta refletindo no aumento da parte a??rea. Foram verificadas diferen??as significativas quanto aos teores de macro e micronutrientes nos tecidos foliares. Os resultados da segunda etapa tamb??m evidenciaram um potencial de inibi????o de les??es quando C. siamense foi inoculado na fase de muda. A presen??a do end??fito promoveu a s??ntese de prote??nas totais e enzimas em diferentes momentos ap??s a inocula????o do fitopat??geno. Em 48 e 72 horas, as mudas com o end??fito apresentaram maior produ????o de POX. Ap??s 72 horas, houve queda na produ????o desta enzima em todos os tratamentos. A atividade da PAL aumentou ap??s 48 e 72 h. N??o foi observada tend??ncia na produ????o de CHI quando comparada a outras enzimas. Estudos adicionais s??o necess??rios para otimizar as condi????es experimentais e validar o potencial de C. siamense para o biocontrole em mudas de guaran??.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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