Utilização de ureia associada a fontes de carboidratos na alimentação de caprinos

Autor: GALVIS, Olga Ximena Aguilar
Přispěvatelé: CARVALHO, Francisco Fernando Ramos de, BATISTA, Ângela Maria Vieira, CABRAL, Ana Maria Duarte, FERREIRA, Marcelo de Andrade, MONNERAT, João Paulo Ismério dos Santos, VÉRAS, Antonia Sherlânea Chaves, BARRETO, Ligia Maria Gomes
Jazyk: portugalština
Rok vydání: 2018
Předmět:
Zdroj: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRPE
Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE)
instacron:UFRPE
Popis: Submitted by Mario BC (mario@bc.ufrpe.br) on 2019-06-27T13:07:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Olga Ximena Aguilar Galvis.pdf: 1155302 bytes, checksum: 85ae2a7d02a4b46673b5a406618dce38 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2019-06-27T13:07:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Olga Ximena Aguilar Galvis.pdf: 1155302 bytes, checksum: 85ae2a7d02a4b46673b5a406618dce38 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-08 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES The objective of this study was to evaluate different carbohydrates sources associated with urea on intake, apparent digestibility of nutrients, productive and physiological response in goats. Thirty-one castrated males without a defined race and initial average weight of 19.8 ± 3.1 kg were randomly assigned to one of four treatments in a complete randomized design with the initial weight as a covariate. The treatments were: 1. corn + soybean meal, 2. corn + urea, 3. cassava meal (Manihot esculenta crantz) + urea and 4. cactus (Nopalea cochenillifera) + urea. All treatments had Tifton 85 (Cynodon spp) hay as roughage source (581.3 g kg -1 of DM), mineral salt mixture and ad libitum water access. The experiment lasted 120 days (30 days of adaptation and 90 days of measurements). The animals fed with cactus + urea presented lower ingestion of dry matter (497.5 g DM d-1, P < 0.05), which promoted lower intake of nutrients and metabolizable energy in comparison to diets with corn and cassava meal (743.6 g DM d-1). Crude protein intake was similar for treatments with corn (+ soybean or + urea (127.7 g d-1) and differed from cassava meal + urea and cactus+ urea (84.6 g d-1, P < 0.05). Apparent neutral detergent fiber corrected for ash and protein (NDFap) intake was lower with cactus + urea (292.8 g d-1, P < 0.05), however, when it was expressed in relation to live weigh was similar among different sources of carbohydrates (12.4 g d-1, P > 0.05). Apparent digestibility of DM (656.8 g kg-1), organic matter (675.9 g kg-1), NDFap (530.9 g kg-1), and non-fibrous carbohydrates (831.7 g kg-1), were similar among the sources of carbohydrates associated with urea (P < 0.05). The time spent for feeding (265.5 min dia-1), rumination (447.4 min dia-1) and idle (727.4 min dia-1) were similar among carbohydrates sources. Blood glucose concentration was lower for animals fed with cactus + urea, and lower concentrations of triglycerides and cholesterol were observed in animals fed with cassava meal. Retention of nitrogen (5.27 g d-1) and microbial protein synthesis (22 g d-1) was similar for all treatments. Corn + soybean meal had higher final body weight (29.3 kg FBW), daily average gain (104.0 g d-1 AG), empty body weight (22.9 kg EBW) compared with cassava diet or cactus + urea (25.2 kg and 20.7 kg FBW, 18.9 e 15.2 Kg EBW, 73.1 and 21.4 g d-1 AG, respectively P > 0.05). Animals fed with cassava + urea showed similarity in variables response to corn + urea and differ from cactus + urea. Cactus + urea reduced commercial yield compared with corn (+ soybean meal or + urea) (39.2% vs43.5% , P 0.05). The results suggested that despite the lower weight of the carcass, meat characteristics and quality for animals fed with cassava meal + urea were similar to those fed corn + soybean meal, indicating that cassava meal + urea could substitute corn and soybean meal in tropical regions due to availability and cost. The replacement of corn by cactus associated with high levels of urea (30 g kg MS-1) decreased nutrient consumption and, therefore performance, yield and carcass characteristics. Objetivou-se avaliar diferentes fontes de carboidratos associadas à ureia sobre o consumo e digestibilidade aparente dos nutrientes, resposta produtiva e fisiológica em caprinos. Foram utilizados 31 machos castrados, sem padrão racial definido, peso inicial de 19,8 ± 3,1 kg delineamento inteiramente casualizado (peso inicial utilizado como co-variável), com quatro tratamentos: 1. milho + farelo de soja; 2. milho + ureia; 3. raspa de mandioca (Manihot esculenta crantz) + ureia; 4. Palma forrageira (Nopalea cochenillifera) + ureia. As dietas continham feno de Tifton 85 (Cynodon spp) (581,3 g kg-1) e mistura de sal mineral. O experimento abrangeu 30 dias de adaptação e 90 dias de coleta de dados. Os animais alimentados com palma forrageira + ureia apresentaram menor consumo de matéria seca (497,5 g MS d-1) (P0,05). A concentração de glicose sanguínea foi menor para os animais alimentados com palma forrageira e foram observadas menores concentrações de triglicerídeos e colesterol nos animais alimentados com raspa de mandioca. O nitrogênio retido (5,27 g d-1) e sínteses de proteína microbiana (21.9 g d-1) foram similares (P>0,05). O ganho de peso (104,0 g d-1), peso corporal ao final PCF(29,3 kg) e peso do corpo vazio PCV (22,9 kg) foram maiores para os animais alimentados com milho+ farelo de soja diferente dos que receberam raspa de mandioca + ureia (73,1 g d-1) e palma forrageira + ureia (21,2 g d-1) com PCF 25,2 kg e 20,7 kg e PCV de 18,9 e 15,2 Kg para raspa de mandioca e palma forrageira (+ ureia), respectivamente (P>0,05). Os animais alimentados com raspa de mandioca + ureia apresentaram semelhança ao tratamento milho + ureia e diferem palma forrageira + ureia para estas variáveis. Os animais que receberam palma forrageira + ureia apresentaram menor (P0,05). As características e qualidade da carne dos animais alimentados com raspa de mandioca + ureia foram próximas àqueles alimentados com milho + farelo soja, indicando que a raspa de mandioca + ureia pode substituir o milho e o farelo de soja na alimentação dos caprinos em regiões tropicais em função da disponibilidade e custo. A substituição do milho pela palma forrageira associada a altos níveis de ureia (30 g kg MS-1) diminui o consumo de nutrientes e, por conseguinte, o desempenho, rendimento e características da carcaça.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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