Atratividade de variedades de citros cultivadas no Estado da Bahia sobre a Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Liviidae) e identifica??o dos compostos org?nicos vol?teis emitidos

Autor: Oliveira, Leanderson da Concei??o
Přispěvatelé: Schnnadelbach, Alessandra Selbach
Jazyk: portugalština
Rok vydání: 2019
Předmět:
Zdroj: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UEFS
Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS)
instacron:UEFS
Popis: Submitted by Ricardo Cedraz Duque Moliterno (ricardo.moliterno@uefs.br) on 2020-02-11T20:25:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o de mestrado.Leanderson Oliveira.pdf: 1957735 bytes, checksum: d5841d99e57a7cfea6ff9f3f4f0ad8f5 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2020-02-11T20:25:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o de mestrado.Leanderson Oliveira.pdf: 1957735 bytes, checksum: d5841d99e57a7cfea6ff9f3f4f0ad8f5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019-03-22 Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES Huanglongbing (HLB) is a citrus disease caused by bacteria of the genus Candidatus which induces blotchy mottling, diminishment of fruit size and irregular fruit maturation, phloem degeneration and abortion of the seeds. Currently, HBL is the most devastating disease of citrus in the world. In Brazil, HLB can be disseminated in the orchards through the insect vector, the psyllid Diaphorina citri or through grafting of contaminated propagative material. There is still no resistant variety to the pathogens and the management of the disease includes the eradication of all symptomatic plants, the use of disease-free seedling produced in insect-proof nurseries and control of D. citri. In Brazil, the disease is restricted to S?o Paulo, Minas Gerais and Paran? states. The state of Bahia is considered HLB-free area, even though the state presents all of the suitable conditions for the occurrence of the disease. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the attractiveness of citrus varieties grown in the State of Bahia on Diaphorina citri and to identify the volatile organic compounds emitted. For this purpose, the following varieties were analysed: 'Valencia', 'Westin' and 'Pera' sweet orange scions (Citrus sinensis Osbeck) and the rootstocks, ?Rangpur lime? (Citrus limonia Osbeck), 'Sunki Tropical' (Citrus sunki (Hayata) hort ex. Tanaka), and 'HTR059' (Poncirus trifoliata - hybrid). The 'Flying Dragon' rootstock (Poncirus trifoliata L. (Raf.) was used as the least attractive control and the orange jasmine (Murraya paniculata L. Jack), as the most attractive control to the vector. The olfactometer bioassays were conducted in a four-way olfactometer to identify the most and the least attractive variety to the psyllid and the data obtained were submitted to the Shapiro-Wilk test for normality, and t test for assessing differences between the average of the treatments. The VOCs were extracted according to the SPME technique and identified through GC-MS. The data obtained were evaluated through the principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical clustering (HCA) in Metaboanalyst software. The results showed that only the varieties 'Sunki Tropical', ?Rangpur lime' and 'Valencia' were more attractive than the less attractive control ?Flying Dragon?. Regarding to the more attractive control orange jasmine, the ?HTR 059' rootstock was the least attractive. The main compounds found in the least attractive varieties were ?-pinene and linalol for 'Pera', ?-pinene and decanol for 'Westin', ?-caryophyllene and ?- element for 'HTR 059'. In this way, ?HTR 059? hybrid and ?Pera? and ?Westin? sweet orange scions are the varieties indicated to implement actions to prevent the introduction and spread of the disease in the State of Bahia. The Valencia sweet orange and the 'Sunki Tropical' and ?Rangpur lime' rootstocks were the most attractive cultivars, and therefore less suitable for cultivation in Bahia when HLB prevention is required. O huanglongbing (HLB) ? uma doen?a dos citros causada por bact?rias do g?nero Candidatus que provoca mosqueado nas folhas, redu??o no tamanho e matura??o irregular dos frutos, degenera??o do floema e abortamento das sementes. Atualmente, o HLB ? a doen?a mais devastadora para a citricultura no mundo. No Brasil, o HLB pode ser disseminado nos pomares pelo inseto vetor, o psil?deo Diaphorina citri ou atrav?s da enxertia de material propagativo infectado. Ainda n?o existem variedades resistentes aos pat?genos e o manejo da doen?a se d? por meio da erradica??o das plantas sintom?ticas, produ??o de mudas livres do agente causal e controle das popula??es de D. citri. No Brasil, a doen?a ? restrita aos Estados de S?o Paulo, Minas Gerais e Paran?, sendo o estado da Bahia considerado ?rea livre do HLB, embora apresente condi??es adequadas ? ocorr?ncia da doen?a. Neste sentido, o objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a atratividade de variedades de citros, cultivados no estado da Bahia, sobre a Diaphorina citri e identificar os compostos org?nicos vol?teis emitidos. Para tanto, foram analisadas as copas de laranja doce (Citrus sinensis Osbeck) ?Val?ncia?, ?Westin? e ?Pera? e os porta-enxertos, limoeiro ?Cravo? (Citrus limonia Osbeck), ?Sunki Tropical? (Citrus sunki (Hayata) hort ex. Tanaka), e o ?HTR 059? (h?brido de P. trifoliata). O porta enxerto ?Flying Dragon? (Poncirus trifoliata L. Raf.) foi utilizado como controle menos atrativo e a murta de cheiro (Murraya paniculata L. Jack), como controle mais atrativo ao vetor. Os bioensaios de olfatometria foram conduzidos em em olfat?metro de quatro vias para identificar as variedades mais e menos atrativas ao psil?deo e os dados obtidos foram submetidos ao teste Shapiro-Wilk para verifica??o da normalidade, e ao test t para avaliar a diferen?as entre as m?dias dos tratamentos. Os COV?s foram extra?dos conforme a t?cnica SPME e identificados atrav?s da GC-MS. Os dados obtidos foram avaliados atrav?s da an?lise de componentes principais (PCA) e de agrupamento hier?rquico (HCA) no software Metaboanalyst. Os resultados demonstraram que as variedades ?Sunki Tropical?, limoeiro ?Cravo? e ?Val?ncia? foram mais atrativas do que o controle menos atrativo. Em rela??o ao controle mais atrativo, a variedade ?HTR 059? foi a menos atrativa. Os principais compostos encontrados nas variedades menos atrativas foram ?-pineno e linalol para a copa ?Pera?, ?-pineno e decanol para a copa ?Westin?, ?-cariofileno e ?-elemeno para o porta-enxerto h?brido ?HTR 059?. Desta forma, o porta-enxerto h?brido ?HTR 059? e as copas ?Pera? e ?Westin? s?o as variedades indicadas em a??es de preven??o ? introdu??o e dissemina??o da doen?a no estado da Bahia. A copa ?Val?ncia? e os porta-enxertos ?Sunki Tropical? e limoeiro ?Cravo? foram os mais atrativos e menos indicados para cultivo quando se almeja a preven??o do HLB na Bahia.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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