Biometry and vegetation indexes by remote sensing in a pasture area in the municipality of Cachoeiras de Macacu, RJ

Autor: Pessanha, Mariane dos Santos
Přispěvatelé: Lyra, Gustavo Bastos, Lima, Evaldo de Paiva, Abreu, Marcel Carvalho, Andrade, Ricardo Guimar?es
Jazyk: portugalština
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Zdroj: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJ
Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ)
instacron:UFRRJ
Popis: Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2023-01-30T17:49:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2020 - Mariane dos Santos Pessanha.pdf: 1916265 bytes, checksum: d0830574de8269725aedfb4aa1bd2f65 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2023-01-30T17:49:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2020 - Mariane dos Santos Pessanha.pdf: 1916265 bytes, checksum: d0830574de8269725aedfb4aa1bd2f65 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020-11-06 CAPES - Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior FAPERJ - Funda??o Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Agricultural and livestock production is influenced by different climatic factors and international demand. Livestock currently plays an important role in the country's economic activity and, as a result of this influence, there is a need to rethink the management stages based on the application of new techniques and technological tools in the management of these areas. The present work presents an evaluation of the biometric characteristics and the processing of orbital images to obtain the vegetation indices of a commercial pasture area located in the municipality of Cachoeiras de Macacu, RJ. For the biometric characterization, destructive and non-destructive methods on the surface were considered, as well as the method based on orbital images from the Landsat-8 (L8) and Sentinel-2 (S2) satellites. The leaf area index (LAI) was determined in the campaigns, using a ceptometer and the height for two areas, defined as: i) outdoor (30 ha) with 160 animals grazing every 15 days, and ii) indoor (25 m?), fenced inside the outdoor area and without grazing. In the destructive method adopted in three campaigns, the vegetation in the external area was collected at ground level and taken to the laboratory. The orbital images were selected, considering the lowest cloud interference, pre-processed and algebraically manipulated with geoprocessing tools. The meteorological variables for characterization of the environmental conditions of the place were obtained by a micrometeorological station installed in the area and the precipitation was measured by a meteorological station located close to the study area. The IAF presented an average of 2.10 m2.m-2, with a minimum value of 0.68 m2.m-2, and a maximum value of 5.00 m2.m-2, while in the internal area the average was 2. 72 m2.m-2, with a minimum of 1.31 m2.m-2; and a maximum of 5.31 m2.m-2. The height of the vegetation in the external area averaged 29.19 cm, with a maximum value of 75 cm and a minimum of 8 cm, for the internal area it was found an average of 48.41 cm, with a maximum value of 90 cm and a minimum of 12 cm. For Landsat-8 images, the NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) ranged between 0.61 and 0.83; SAVI (Soil-Adjusted Vegetation Index) between 0.32 and 0.68; and IAF with values between 0.52 and 4.56, for Sentinel-2 the NDVI variation was between 0.58 and 0.79, SAVI between 0.29 and 0.61 and IAF between 0.42 and 2.17. The IAF values estimated by the SAVI index with the observed IAF (ceptometer) showed accuracy, with a Willmott coefficient of agreement (d) of 0.87 (Sentinel-2) and 0.86 (Landsat-8) for L=0. 25. The study showed that the results show seasonal behavior, which indicated periods with greater availability of water and solar energy in the environment favor the growth of vegetation. Monitoring becomes an important tool to help understand seasonal dynamics and provide information for projects and management of pasture areas. A produ??o agr?cola e pecu?ria ? influenciada por diferentes fatores clim?ticos e pela demanda internacional. Atualmente a pecu?ria tem importante papel na atividade econ?mica do Pa?s e, em decorr?ncia dessa influ?ncia surge a necessidade de repensar as etapas de manejo a partir da aplica??o de novas t?cnicas e ferramentas tecnol?gicas no gerenciamento dessas ?reas. O presente trabalho apresenta uma avalia??o das caracter?sticas biom?tricas e o processamento de imagens orbitais para obten??o dos ?ndices de vegeta??o de uma ?rea de pastagem comercial localizada no munic?pio de Cachoeiras de Macacu, RJ. Para a caracteriza??o biom?trica foram considerados m?todos destrutivos e n?o-destrutivos em superf?cie, assim como o m?todo baseado em imagens orbitais dos sat?lites Landsat-8 (L8) e Sentinel-2 (S2). Nas campanhas foi determinado o ?ndice de ?rea foliar (IAF), com a utiliza??o de um cept?metro e a altura para duas ?reas, defindas como: i) externa (30 ha) com pastoreio de 160 animais a cada 15 dias, e ii) interna (25 m?), cercada dentro da ?rea externa e sem pastoreio. No m?todo destrutivo adotado em tr?s campanhas, a vegeta??o da ?rea externa foi coletada ao n?vel do solo e levada para laborat?rio. As imagens orbitais foram selecionadas, considerando a menor interfer?ncia de nuvens, pr?-processadas e manipuladas algebricamente com ferramentas de geoprocessamento. As vari?veis meteorol?gicas para caracteriza??o das condi??es ambientais do local foram obtidas por uma esta??o micrometeorol?gica instalada na ?rea e a precipita??o foi medida por uma esta??o meteorol?gica localizada pr?xima da ?rea de estudo. O IAF apresentou m?dia de 2,10 m2.m-2, com valor m?nimo de 0,68 m2.m-2, e valor m?ximo de 5,00 m2.m-2, enquanto na ?rea interna a m?dia foi de 2,72 m2.m-2, com m?nimo de 1,31 m2.m-2; e m?ximo de 5,31 m2.m-2. A altura da vegeta??o na ?rea externa apresentou m?dia de 29,19 cm, com valor m?ximo de 75 cm e m?nimo de 8 cm, para a ?rea interna foi encontrada m?dia de 48,41 cm, com valor m?ximo de 90 cm e m?nimo de 12 cm. Para imagens do Landsat-8, o NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) variou entre 0,61 e 0,83; SAVI (Soil-Adjusted Vegetation Index) entre 0,32 e 0,68; e IAF com valores entre 0,52 e 4,56, para Sentinel-2 a varia??o do NDVI foi entre 0,58 e 0,79, SAVI entre 0,29 e 0,61 e IAF entre 0,42 a 2,17. Os valores de IAF estimado pelo ?ndice SAVI com o IAF observado (cept?metro) apresentou precis?o, com coeficiente de concord?ncia de Willmott (d) de 0,87 (Sentinel-2) e 0,86 (Landsat-8) para L=0,25. O estudo demonstrou que os resultados apresentam comportamento sazonal, que indicou per?odos com maior disponibilidade de ?gua e energia solar no ambiente favorecem o crescimento da vegeta??o. O monitoramento se torna importante ferramenta para auxiliar no conhecimento da din?mica sazonal e, fornece informa??es para projetos e manejo de ?reas de pastagem.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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