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Author: Akvilė Bačėninaitė Title: Lyme Disease Epidemiology, Clinic, Diagnostics, and Treatment in Children Aim: To analyse and assess epidemiological, clinical, diagnostic, and treatment features of Lyme disease (LD) among children in Kaunas County in 2013 - 2015 on the basis of the data from PI Kaunas Clinical Hospital, Children’s Consultation Polyclinic. Objectives: 1. To assess Lyme Disease sickness rate in 2013 - 2015 among children in the rural and the urban areas. 2. To assess the dynamics of Lyme disease sickness rate in Kaunas County in 2013 - 2015. 3. To identify children’s groups according to sex and age, which had Lyme disease the most often. 4. To assess clinical symptoms of Lyme disease in various children’s age groups. 5. Diagnostics of Lyme disease in children. 6. Treatment of Lyme disease in children. Methods: The research was carried out in 2016, in PI Kaunas Clinical Hospital, Children’s Consultation Polyclinic. A retrospective analysis of outpatient cards from 2013 - 2015 was performed. In order to carry out the research, a retrospective questionnaire was designed. Demographic, clinical data, and the information about diagnostics and treatment were analysed. The statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Office Excel 2013 and SPSS 22.0 software. The results are considered to be statistically reliable when p < 0.05. Results: In total, 116 children participated in the present research: 63 (54.3%) girls and 53 (45.7%) boys, p > 0.05. The children aged 4 - 6 had LD the most often, p > 0.05. 84 (72.4%) of the children lived in the city, while 32 (27.6%) in the rural area, p > 0.05. LD diagnosis was registered the most frequently in 2015, i.e. 44.0%. Compared the incidence rates in 2013 and 2015, LD sickness rate increased in 1.57 times. Mites were noticed in 77 instances (66.4%); in 48 (62.9%) instances, single mite bites were observed, and multiple bites in 4 (5.2%) instances. Mites bite in the face area was the most frequent, p < 0.05. For 99 (85.3%) patients, an Erythema migrans was observed, which was the most frequent for children aged 4 - 6 (25.3%), p > 0.05. Erythema mainly localized in the face, p > 0.05. Other symptoms were single. In 50% of instances, LD was diagnosed clinically, p > 0.05. The most frequent diagnostics methods were serological tests, p > 0.05. During the first stage, amoxicillin was prescribed for 88 patients (75.9%) as the first choice. Less frequently, doxycycline (16.4%) and cefuroxime (6%) were prescribed. Conclusions: 1. Children living in the city had LD more frequently than children in the rural area. 2. LD sickness rate increased in 1.57 times compared to incidence rates in 2013 and 2015. 3. Assessing LD sickness rate among different age groups and among boys and girls, statistically significant results were not obtained, p >0.05. 4. An Erythema migrans was observed for 85.3% of the patients, most frequently for children aged 4 - 6 (25.3%). Other symptoms were single. 5. In 50% of the instances, LD was diagnosed clinically. Serological tests were the diagnostics methods which were used the most frequently. 6. During the first stage, amoxicillin was prescribed (75.9%) as the first choice; less frequently, doxycycline (16.4%) and cefuroxime (6%) were prescribed. |
