Особенности почв черневых лесов Западной Сибири
| Jazyk: | ruština |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Вестник Томского государственного университета. Биология. |
| ISSN: | 2311-2077 1998-8591 |
| Popis: | Показаны особенности дерново-подзолистых почв черневых лесов Салаира и специфика их гумусовых профилей. Выявлено, что почвы прошли в своем развитии одну лесную стадию почвообразования, поскольку относительные максимумы Сш:СФ[с приуроченные к слоям 20-30 и 60-70 см, незначительно превышают 1 и связаны с уменьшением доли ФК, характер изменения по профилю которых отражает колебания влажности климата на протяжении периода формирования почв, не приводящие к смене типа почвообразования. Гумусовые профили исследованных почв являются моногенетичными полифазными и несут информацию о неконтрастной их эволюции в условиях лесного педогенеза. The aim of this research was to determine the characteristics of humus profiles and to analyse the coded information about the development stages and phases in these profiles. We considered humus profiles as carriers of "soil memory" using the example of soddy-podzolic taiga soils of the Salair ridge (54°05'23" N, 85°49'40" E). Characteristics of humus profiles are presented by the indicators of group and fraction humus composition which was determined according to IV Tyurin in the modification of VV Ponomareva and TA Plotnikova. We found that soils have high humus content in the upper 10-15 cm layer (up to 10%), indicating that the humus formation under intense tall ground cover is due to the large amount of incoming biomass, high capacity and speed of the biological cycle, with significant numbers of active microorganisms and microbiological processes. Slightly acidic reaction of the soil solution and low absorption capacity are characteristic of soils. We established that humus profiles of soddy-podzolic soils of the Salair reflect the non-contrasting evolution and fix one forest stage of soil formation in its structure (Cha:Cfa close to 1) as well as several phases of pedogenesis associated with changes in moisture and temperature. We showed that the information about soil formation at the early stages of soil development was recorded in relatively high for soils of podzolic type fractions of humates of calcium and low free fulvic acids of fraction-1A, as well as fluctuations in the distribution profile of fulvic acids, which generally indicates a change of thermal conditions and humidity of the territory during pedogenesis. We revealed several maxima in humus profiles of the ratio of carbon of humic acids to carbon of fulvic acids (in the layers 0-5, 20-30 and 60-70 cm), which also indicates a change in climatic conditions during soil formation. Thus, we demonstrated that humus profiles save information about the features of the natural environment over a period of formation of the soil body in its characteristics, and therefore can serve as a "tool" for the reconstruction of the paleogeographic environment and can be used to construct models of soil behaviour in the future. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|
