Молодые города Томской области: социальный опыт и стратегии развития на современном этапе
| Jazyk: | ruština |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Вестник Томского государственного университета. |
| ISSN: | 1561-803X 1561-7793 |
| Popis: | Рассматриваются стратегии развития поселений нефтяников Томской области городов Стрежевого и Кедрового в период постсоветской деиндустриализации и на современном этапе, анализируются возможные сценарии развития моногородов, описываются социальный опыт и локальные инициативы населения. Автор считает, что неиспользование властями имеющегося потенциала местных сообществ по преодолению монопрофильной ориентации населенных пунктов представляет угрозу их дальнейшему существованию. The late-Soviet model of development of the Northern Siberia led to the formation of a network of company towns single-industry settlements, all the economic, social and cultural life of which is focused on urban development enterprises. During the period of market transformation in Russia, most of the Siberian industrial projects were minimized. Many Siberian company towns were on the verge of survival. The article deals with the development strategies of two oil-company towns of Tomsk Oblast, Strezhevoy and Kedrovy, during the post-Soviet de-industrialization and in the modern stage. An extremely high proportion of oil and gas industry in the economy resulted in classic company towns in these localities. In the regional discourse, there is a term "neftegrad" (oil-town) which refers to the phenomenon of oil company towns. The attempts to use such a term are a way to legitimize the company town''s idea in the local communities. Since the 1990s urban enterprises'' policy aimed at reducing the number of workers. Disinvestment, the delay in payment of wages, the growth of external debt had led to intense out-migration. Today, small businesses of the towns cannot provide the desired level of employment. The number of poor people and socially disadvantaged families is constantly increasing. In the long term, the focus on oil and gas industry will preserve the existing social problems of the towns. Therefore, the main objective must be to overcome single-industry economy through the development of service clusters and small businesses. According to municipal programs, settlements'' development strategies do not contain descriptions of any specific mechanisms of this process. The overcoming of single-industry economy is a challenge not only for the local authorities and population of the towns, but also for the whole region. In the everyday consciousness of Tomsk Oblast population there is social indifference towards oil settlements. Local communities have some internal resources of self-organization allowing to break away from town enterprises. But in practice, the authorities do not use these resources. Community-based initiatives focus on building various cultural associations and creative unions. The dominant number of life strategies among the young people is oriented for work and leave the territories. The most noticeable process is in the fading of Kedrovy today. If the overcoming steps are not taken, the same scenario could be repeated in Strezhevoy. In the meantime, the life of the settlements is entirely dependent on oil and gas. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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