Оценка репрезентативности сети особо охраняемых природных территорий России с точки зрения сохранения разнообразия естественных почв
| Jazyk: | ruština |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Электронное научное издание Альманах Пространство и Время. |
| ISSN: | 2227-9490 |
| Popis: | На основе анализа картографической информации оценена репрезентативность сети охраняемых территорий России с точки зрения сохранения природного разнообразия почв. Выявлено, что ООПТ отсутствуют или расположены в нетипичных природных условиях в 29 из 58 равнинных и в 4 из 28 горных провинций почвенно-географического районирования. Показано, что около трети почв страны (если рассматривать природное разнообразие почв на классификационном уровне) отсутствует в заповедниках и национальных парках. Ведущаяся в настоящее время работа над составлением Красной книги почв России может способствовать сохранению природного разнообразия естественных почв. Spatial heterogeneity of soil cover is one of the most important factors determining ecosystems diversity. Geomorphological and geological factors, such as topography, water table and composition of groundwater, chemical and physical properties of parent material, as well as universal biosphere mechanisms of living nature distribution (zonal and local) influence greatly soils diversity. These factors influence composition and functioning of biocenosis through soils. In my reseach, I estimated representation of Russian reserved areas network for conservation of natural soil's diversity on the base of cartographic information ( Soil Map of the Russian Federation, 1:15.000.000 scale, and Geographic Database of Federal Protected Areas of Russia ). This analysis has shown that reserve areas are irrationally allocated and not sufficient for comprising of Russian soil diversity. I have shown there are 16 soils and 8 soil complexes from among 76 Soils' Map legend divisions that are not represented in reserves and national parks. Soils with the most significant area and specific to certain regions of this list are the following: luvy-calcic and vorony-calcic chernozems are known as the most fertile soils of the entire world; unique soils, such as cambic and calcy-cambic cryosols existing in the only region of Earth (in Yakutiya); thaptoumbric albeluvisols that are very interesting from the scientific point of view. Taking into account the soil regulation role in ecosystems I suppose that the development of new natural reservations in designated areas will contribute to the optimization of reserved areas network of Russia. I opine that compilation of Red Data Book of Russian Soils may contribute to the preservation of soil diversity of the country. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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