Inhabitants, their education and the devlopment of education in the Veisiejai province in Seinai county until 1918

Autor: Subačius, Kęstutis
Jazyk: litevština
Rok vydání: 2019
Předmět:
Zdroj: Terra Jatwezenorum [Jotvingių kraštas: jotvingių krašto istorijos paveldo metraštis]. 2019, 11, 1, p. 166-194, 370-371, 390-391.
ISSN: 2080-7589
Popis: The Veisiejai Province in the Seinai County has a very old history, which is associated with the times of the history of Lithuania‘s ethnic landscapes. This is confirmed by historical sources. In this region there was a territorial association of lands of the Veisė land community which had about six castle lands, Veisiejai castle among them, mentioned in 1253 in Mindaugas‘s Donation Letter. For many centuries, the land-parish-province-gmina, again province, and presently the eldership, the centre of the territorial administrative structure of this region Veisiejai has not changed. This largely influenced the fact that in this region archaic water names and other language relics were mostly found, but most importantly, the eternity of the Lithuanian nation, which led to the survival of this country in the restored state of Lithuania, remained here. This statement is substantiated by the data on the national composition and change of the population of the county presented in the article. The material provided gives an overview of the reasons behind the statistics on the ethnic composition of the population and the drastic measures taken by Polish and Tsarist officials to eradicate ethnic culture and to degrade the population of the country. The inhabitants of the county had to experience a much greater impact of the national descent policy compared to other areas of Lithuania. There were twofold denationalisation factors: predominance of Polish-Russian rulers in all government institutions, and their tendency to overturn Lithuanians in ethnic lands, both in statistical data and spiritually, through education and especially the church. The article briefly reviews the level of education of the population, its national peculiarities, and the development of education from the „nook schools“ and the emergence of primary schools in the region supported by the County. This explains why, in 1889 (1901), in the list of Veisiejai County made by E. Volteris, there were no Lithuanians who could read and write in Lithuanian from the 5197 Lithuanians in the County, because such „nook schools“ were persecuted by the authorities and people avoided them. The author finishes the work by taking a bow to all people in the Veisiejai region who for centuries, with love and sacrifice, protected ethnic human culture: language, customs, traditions, and human values.
Databáze: OpenAIRE