Social Safety Nets in Fragile States : A Community-Based School Feeding Program in Togo

Autor: Andrews, Colin, Galliano, Elena, Turk, Carolyn, Zampaglione, Giuseppe
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2011
Předmět:
PUBLIC RESOURCE
VITAMINS
PROTEIN
FOOD PRICE
HEALTH INSURANCE
EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES
RURAL VILLAGE
MEAL PREPARATION
FOOD POLICY
SAFETY NET SYSTEMS
RURAL SCHOOLS
INCOME
NUMBER OF CHILDREN
MALNUTRITION
SCHOOL FURNITURE
HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION
DEMAND FOR FOOD
SERVICE PROVIDERS
PAYMENT OF TEACHERS
INFORMAL COPING MECHANISMS
PARENT-TEACHER ASSOCIATIONS
GOVERNMENT CAPACITY
RETENTION RATE
TOMATOES
SCHOOL ADMINISTRATORS
SOCIETY
SCHOOL PROGRAM
VILLAGE TEACHER
HOUSEHOLD NUTRITION
CHILD DEVELOPMENT
INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY
CALCIUM
HOUSEHOLD NEEDS
ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS
TEACHER
INFORMAL MECHANISMS
SAFETY NET PROGRAMS
UNIVERSAL EDUCATION
FOOD SUPPLY
VEGETABLES
PRIMARY SCHOOL AGE
FRUIT
EDUCATION SERVICES
DRINKING WATER
FOOD INTAKE
FINANCIAL DIFFICULTIES
RURAL REGIONS
SCHOOL DAYS
POVERTY REDUCTION
SCHOOL-AGE CHILDREN
FOOD PRODUCTION
CHRONIC POVERTY
INCOME REPLACEMENT
PASTA
CASSAVA
SCHOOL YEAR
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
MINIMUM WAGE
SUBSIDIZING
EXTERNAL RESOURCES
COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
RURAL POPULATION
SCHOOL COMMUNITY
TARGETING
INCLUSION
EXTERNAL SHOCKS
POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY
OLDER CHILDREN
CLEAN DRINKING WATER
PRIMARY SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN
SMALLHOLDER FARMERS
NUMBER OF REPEATERS
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
POVERTY STATUS
COST EFFECTIVENESS
ECONOMIC SECURITY
FOODS
MAINSTREAMING
SAFE WATER
SCHOOL EDUCATION
PARTICIPATION OF GIRLS
POOR CHILDREN
FOOD TRANSFERS
HEALTH CARE
COPING STRATEGIES
PRIMARY COMPLETION
INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY
SECONDARY SCHOOL
SCHOOL FEES
WELFARE PROGRAMS
WORLD FOOD PROGRAM
GENDER EQUITY
WHEAT
SCHOOL LEVEL
CHRONICALLY POOR
PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
HOUSEHOLD SIZE
EDUCATIONAL BENEFITS
HOUSEHOLD FOOD INSECURITY
RICE
WFP
PRIMARY SCHOOL ENROLMENT
INCOME-GENERATING ACTIVITIES
OKRA
AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES
RURAL
EDUCATION FOR ALL
POVERTY LINE
TRANSPORTATION
CONDIMENTS
NUTRITION INTERVENTIONS
SCHOOL MEAL
GENDER
EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT
ENROLMENT RATE
TRANSFER OF RESOURCES
MAIZE
INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS
SCHOOL MANAGEMENT
SOCIAL SAFETY NET
SCHOOL WALLS
BEER
VILLAGE LEVEL
COOKING
SCHOOL FEEDING
AVAILABILITY OF FOOD
HEALTH SYSTEM
BREAD
POOR
AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES
SOCIOECONOMIC INFRASTRUCTURE
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
FOOD AVAILABILITY
HEALTH PROGRAMS
PRODUCTIVE ASSETS
PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN
FOOD INSECURITY
STAPLE FOODS
ECONOMIC CRISIS
BAKING
VILLAGE SCHOOL
PEANUTS
SCHOOL LUNCH
FOOD QUALITY
FOOD ITEMS
NUMBER OF SCHOOL CHILDREN
HEALTH ORGANIZATION
RISK MANAGEMENT
NUTRITIVE VALUE
POOR HOUSEHOLD
PRIMARY EDUCATION
BENEFICIARY
PEPPERS
SCHOOL EQUIPMENT
SCHOOL FEEDING PROGRAMS
FOOD DELIVERY
RURAL HOUSEHOLD
SCHOOLS
SANITATION
NUMBER OF STUDENTS
FOOD PRICING
RURAL AREAS
BREWING
FOOD SAFETY
SCHOOL-AGE
FOOD HANDLING
PUBLIC PENSIONS
DROPOUT RATE
SOCIAL SECURITY
VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS
POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY PAPER
CORN
AGRICULTURE
SCHOOL ENROLMENT
SHARECROPPING
FOOD NEEDS
MEAT
FEMALE PARTICIPATION
ACCESS TO EDUCATION
FOOD CONSUMPTION
FOOD SECURITY
FORMAL SCHOOL
SCHOOL OPERATIONS
HUMAN CAPITAL
PROTECTION POLICY
SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
MEAL
HYGIENE
AGRICULTURAL SECTOR
SCHOOL PARTICIPATION
INCIDENCE OF POVERTY
NUTRITIONAL DEFICITS
SOCIAL PROTECTION
AVERAGE NUMBER OF STUDENTS
TEACHING
LEARNING
POVERTY INCIDENCE
FOOD AID
NUMBER OF SCHOOLS
PRIMARY SCHOOL
POVERTY LEVELS
CONFLICT
SOCIAL BENEFITS
FOOD PRODUCTS
ADULTS
FIRST GRADE
ECONOMIC STRESS
SAVINGS
IFPRI
CAPACITY BUILDING
HEALTH SERVICES
SCHOOL ATTENDANCE
COMMUNITIES
PRIMARY COMPLETION RATE
SCHOOL CALENDAR
Popis: This paper reviews a small community-based school feeding program launched in Togo in response to the 2007/08 food price crisis. The discussion focuses on the operational and policy lessons emerging from the program, to better understand opportunities for scale up and sustainability in the future. A focus of the discussion is how to build safety nets in fragile states and in situations where there is weak and fragmented government capacity to deliver services to disadvantaged and vulnerable communities. In this context school feeding is explored as an entry point through the use of informal mechanisms based on the commitment of communities and civil society. The analysis is premised on quantitative and qualitative analysis carried out at program sites. The discussion identifies the operational challenges and opportunities in customizing school feeding within Togo with an emphasis on targeting, cost effectiveness, procurement and institutional aspects. Evidence on the economic and social benefits of the program is also presented, focusing on dietary impacts, as well as household and local community effects. The objective of the discussion is to share lessons learned from evaluation findings so that they can be useful for implementing similar programs in the future in Togo itself or in other countries. Findings from the analysis highlight the possibilities of implementing school feeding in a low capacity setting and the scope for using the program as a springboard towards a broader and more comprehensive social safety net.
Databáze: OpenAIRE