Central America Urbanization Review : Making Cities Work for Central America

Autor: World Bank Group
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2016
Předmět:
URBAN SERVICES
INFRASTRUCTURE
INVENTORY
LOAN MATURITY
PROJECTS
INFLATION
TRANSACTION COSTS
NOW ACCOUNTS
EXTERNALITIES
DOWN PAYMENTS
EMPLOYMENT
TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
CRITERIA
LAND USE
LENDING
SAFETY NETS
PERSONAL SAVINGS
PRODUCTIVITY
MANDATES
MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENTS
MUNICIPALITIES
LENDER OF LAST RESORT
URBANIZATION
GOVERNMENTS
SEWAGE
BANK
RISK FACTORS
SOCIAL SERVICES
LOANS
MUNICIPAL DEVELOPMENT
LABOR COSTS
RISK MANAGEMENT
URBAN HOUSING
STRATEGIES
EMERGING MARKETS
FINANCIAL MARKETS
SUBSIDIES
COST DIFFERENTIALS
METROPOLITAN AREAS
DEPOSITS
INDUSTRY
MARKETS
PUBLIC SERVICES
FINANCE
WAGES
ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS
TRANSFERS
FISCAL CONDITIONS
ENTERPRISES
MARKET VALUE
UNFUNDED MANDATES
FISCAL DEFICITS
SERVICES
PRIVATE HOUSING
INTEREST RATES
URBAN GROWTH
INVESTMENT GRANTS
LARGE CITIES
PUBLIC DEBT
DEBT
GUARANTEES
BANKING SECTOR
COUNTRY COMPARISONS
SAVING
CAPITAL EXPENDITURES
ECONOMIC CONDITIONS
FINANCIAL SERVICES
PROPERTY
MORTGAGE LENDING
AUTONOMOUS REGIONS
FINANCIAL RISK
FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT
AUTONOMY
BUSINESS TAXES
FACTORING
DEVOLUTION
LAND VALUE
COLLATERALIZATION
SOLID WASTE COLLECTION
SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL
CAPITALS
LAND SPECULATION
BLOCK GRANTS
RENTAL HOUSING
DEFICITS
MACROECONOMIC STABILITY
PROPERTY TAXES
CAPITAL
MINISTRIES OF FINANCE
CENTRAL GOVERNMENTS
LOCAL CAPITAL EXPENDITURES
ACCOUNTING
TAXATION
CONSOLIDATION
VALUE
RISK
ECONOMIES
HOUSING PRICES
LOCAL GOVERNMENT
CAPITAL MARKETS
GOVERNANCE
REVENUE MOBILIZATION
FINANCIAL CRISES
REGULATORY FRAMEWORK
DECENTRALIZATION
LOCAL GOVERNMENTS
ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION
PROPERTY OWNERSHIP
LEGAL PROVISIONS
FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
INSURANCE
REVENUE
CAPITAL GRANTS
TAXES
EQUITY
PUBLIC TRANSPORT
SUBNATIONAL GOVERNMENTS
LOCAL ADMINISTRATION
MORTGAGE LOANS
BANKS
GRANTS
LAND
OPERATING INCOME
CURRENT EXPENDITURES
MIGRATION
PUBLIC POLICY
CREDIT
EFFECTIVE GOVERNANCE
PUBLIC FINANCE
LEGISLATION
COMMERCIAL BANKS
MICROFINANCE
NEW ENTRANTS
PUBLIC POLICIES
CENTRAL BANKS
LABOR
REVENUE SOURCES
SUBSIDIARY
HOUSING
URBAN CONGESTION
INTEREST
PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION
LEGAL FRAMEWORK
WATER SUPPLY
NATURAL RESOURCES
TRANSPORT
LAWS
ENTREPRENEURSHIP
SAVINGS
DECENTRALIZATION PROCESS
LAND DEVELOPMENT
FUEL TAXES
TAX ADMINISTRATION
TRAFFIC CONGESTION
SUBSIDIARIES
HOUSING PROVISION
USER CHARGES
URBAN DEVELOPMENT
ACCOUNTABILITY
SAVINGS CONTRIBUTIONS
Popis: Central America is undergoing an important transition, with urban populations increasingat accelerated speeds, bringing pressing challenges as well as opportunities to boost sustained,inclusive and resilient growth. Today, 59 percent of Central America's population lives in urban areas, but it is expected that within the next generation 7 out of 10 people will live in cities, equivalent to adding 700,000 new urban residents every year. At current rates of urbanization, the region’s urban population will double in size by 2050, welcoming over 25 million new urban dwellers, calling for better infrastructure, higher coverage and quality of urban services and greater employment opportunities. As larger numbers of people concentrate in urban areas, Central American governments at the national and local levels face both opportunities and challenges to ensure the prosperity of their country's present and future generations.
Databáze: OpenAIRE