Cambodia : Overview of a Cambodian Seed Sector
| Autor: | World Bank Group |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2011 |
| Předmět: |
AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION
MELONS WEEDS RICE GERMPLASM FARM HARVESTING PRODUCTION ACTIVITIES RICE HULLS COMMODITY PESTICIDE MODERN FACILITIES FRUITS IRRI FARM INCOME MUNGBEANS SEED LAWS CLIMATIC CONDITIONS TRANSPLANTING PRODUCTION COST SOYBEANS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY WILD RICE PRODUCTION COSTS GERMPLASM SEED SECTOR FERTILIZERS SEEDS STRAW GRAIN PRODUCTION LABOR COSTS AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS FARMERS GRAINS TOMATOES SEED PRODUCER GROUPS HECTARES OF RICE FARMER INCOMES BROCCOLI AGRONOMIC PRACTICES RICE MILLING PANICLES FARMS YIELDS RICE FIELDS RICE RESEARCH PLANS PLANTS SEED TREATMENT CONTRACT FARMING SOIL TYPES VEGETABLES PLANT BREEDERS TILLAGE DRY SEASON CROP BREEDER SEED COMMUNITY-BASED ORGANIZATIONS FAO ORGANIC CROPS FIELD WORK GROWING SEASON CROP PRODUCTION INTERNATIONAL RICE RESEARCH INSTITUTE RICE CROP RA CORN PRIVATE SEED COMPANIES PRODUCTION SYSTEM SEED PRODUCTION CONTRACT FARMING ARRANGEMENTS PRODUCTION METHOD CONTRACT GROWERS FARMER PRODUCERS HYBRIDS MOLD HYBRID SEED BUSINESS PLANS SEEDLINGS COMMERCIAL SEED HARVESTING MACHINES FOOD SECURITY FARMER SEED COMPANIES PADDY PRODUCTION METHODS CULTIVARS CROPPING AGRICULTURAL INPUTS SOIL TYPE FOUNDATION SEED TRAINED FARMERS SEED SYSTEM DATES HYBRID SEEDS AGRONOMY PRODUCTION SYSTEMS FARMING CROP MANAGEMENT SEED CONDITIONING COMMERCIAL SEED PRODUCTION SEED CERTIFICATION PLANT BREEDING AGRIBUSINESS BEANS FARMER ASSOCIATIONS CUCUMBERS SEED INDUSTRY GRAIN SOYBEAN RICE PRODUCTION FARM MANAGEMENT FERTILIZER SEED CROPS RICE OWN SEED SEED PRODUCERS SEED STORAGE CULTIVATED LAND COOPERATIVES CROPS CEREALS EGGPLANT SEED REGULATIONS QUALITY SEED AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS RICE TRADE CERTIFICATION STANDARDS PLANTING CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS SEED VARIETIES SMALL FARMERS SEED MULTIPLICATION GRAIN QUALITY PRODUCT QUALITY CULTIVATION POOR FARMERS RICE VARIETIES JUTE MUNG BEANS CROP YIELDS MULCH PLANT VARIETY PROTECTION PRICE PREMIUM SEED TESTING HYBRID RICE PRODUCE INDUSTRIAL CROPS FISHERIES MAIZE |
| Popis: | The use of quality seed is a major component of increased yields in crop production. Quality seed and seed programs in a country does not emerge by happenstance; it is created by a combination of many factors that include variety development, seed production, quality control, processing, marketing, and governmental oversight. As the seed sector in a country matures, each of these factors becomes more important and plays a more important role in the growth of the agricultural sector. The seed program in Cambodia is interestingly different from that in many other developing countries. Even without a true seed program in Cambodia, farmers understand the need to plant quality seed to increase crop yields. When structuring this growing seed industry, it is important to look at current practices and to incorporate these practices into programs. Since a major thrust of the seed program in Cambodia involves rice, it is important to consider its role in the average Cambodian’s life. Cambodia’s climate must also be accounted for in any decisions regarding seed. Its heat and humidity causes rapid deterioration of seed viability and germination in rice and other seeds in both the growth and storage phases. CARDI research has shown that the level of rice germination falls below 80-85 percent within 6-8 months after harvest; this means that seed must be planted during the growing season following harvest. Therefore, any seed produced beyond immediate planting needs for the next crop is used for milling; seed production costs for that seed cannot be recouped. When seed producers’ budgets are constrained, they often plan their seed production based on conservative seed sales estimates. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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