| Popis: |
Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological conditions and can affect children of any age. Epilepsy is accompanied by many symptoms and similarly to other conditions requires specific treatment and care.. Children patients have difficulties to accept this fact and it is necessary to support them. This thesis called "Specifics of nursing care for epileptic children" consists of two parts. The theoretical part describes epilepsy, its types, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and regiment. A large part focuses on nursing care for epileptic children. The empirical part of this bachelor thesis has three aims. The first aim was to find out common nursing practices when caring for children epileptic patients. The second aim was to find out the needs of hospitalized epileptic children. The last aim was to create an educative material for nurses working at standard hospital wards. A research question was set for each of these aims: What procedures do nurses use when looking after patients with epilepsy? What are the specifics of nursing when looking after a child hospitalized with epilepsy? What needs do children hospitalized with epilepsy have? The research for the empirical part was carried out using qualitative method of research. Nurses in University Hospital Brno and in the Motol Hospital were interviewed using the method of semi-structured interview to collect data.. Data such as age, gender, degree of education and length of experience of each nurse were also taken into account.. If necessary, further questions were asked to clarify the answer. If the nurse agreed, the interview was recorded on Dictaphone. Some interviews were written down word-by-word when the nurse did not agree with recording. The interviews were then typed into Microsoft Word 2007 and data was divided into the following categories: Specifics of hospitalization, Accompanying persons, Specifics of medical examination, Child's needs, Regimen, Specifics of nursing care, Safety, Communication rules. Diagrams were created in draw.io software. The research revealed facts and answers described below. It was revealed that when it comes to hospitalization, the look of the room and the care are very important, and that it is necessary to use a regular daily regimen. Emphasis was laid on children's safety; accommodating the child in a suitable room, preferably near the nurses' room; the furniture should have round edges; beds with side barriers; alarm. The interviewees' statements regarding hospitalization with or without a child's parent differ. Most interviewees replied that this depends on the child's age. It is suitable that a small child is accompanied by a parent during hospitalization, but this is not necessary in case of older children who sometimes do not even require this. The research also revealed that preparing a child for magnetic resonation also differs with age. Older children are only prepared psychologically. Small children are under general anaesthesia and the preparations are more demanding. When identifying the children's needs it was revealed that the most important needs of an epileptic child are independency and socialization. Children feel greatly limited because they cannot take part in evening parties, driving lessons, sports, they cannot do demanding and adrenalin sport activities or sports where they could fall from a height. The research revealed that during an epileptic fit it is important to measure its length, observe what part of the body the fit affects, what is its frequency, if he wets himself, drooling.. Not all interviewees confirmed that children should be prevented from movement during a fit. An important part of the nursing care is communication, which should have character of communication with a normal healthy child. This thesis can be used to educate and widen the nurses and parents' knowledge about the care for epileptic children. It can be also used as a teaching material for nurse trainees. |
