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The main theme of the diploma thesis is the topic of educational psychology - parenting styles with a particular focus on adolescents. The theoretical part of the work is devoted in the first chapter to the period of adolescence and developmental changes associated with it, in the second chapter to the historical, traditional but also current concepts of family and education and the last part of the theoretical part of the work to the topic of parenting styles from their definition, first theories, to studies on their influence on the formation of the child's personality, the connection with the following manifestations of antisocial behavior or the risk of various mental disorders. Parenting style as a psychological construct shows long-term high reliability and usability, and many studies still work with this construct and prove that it says a lot about the functioning of the family, especially the parent-child relationship or demonstrate correlation between parenting styles and increased risk of various psychopathological behavior in children and adolescents. In the empirical part of the work, we decided to explore on a sample of 253 Czech adolescents, in what proportion the parenting styles occur in this age category. A quantitative design was selected, and a test battery was created using Dotazník pro zjišťování způsobu výchovy v rodině and BFI-10. When examining parenting styles, experts ask themselves which factors have the greatest influence on what parenting style parents ultimately use when their upbringing their own children. This is the source of the second goal of the research, where we tested relationships between all components of the parenting style of parents and adolescents' components of control. Thus, we examined the quantitative research methodology (correlations) to find out if there are some relationship between parents' emotions towards children (and control) and adolescents' degree of control they would have preferred if they had already been parents as well. We tried to verify with our sample of adolescents how much or whether at all, the individual dimensions of the parents' parenting style influence the gradual formation of their own parenting style, most of whom become parents within a few years. Regarding the occurrence of parenting styles, we found in comparison with previous research in the Czech environment, a smaller incidence of parenting styles representing traditional strict way of child rearing, and conversely a larger share of parenting styles combining either positive or extremely positive emotions towards the child with ambivalent or low control, i.e., parenting that provides children more freedom and plenty of expressions of love. After verifying the hypotheses, we found that in adolescents, the tendency to provide freedom decreases with the increasing negative emotional relationship of their own parents and decreases also with increasing demands of their own parents. A positive correlation was also found between both the components of the requirements (parents - adolescents) and the last and at the same time the highest negative correlation was found between the provided freedom of parents and the requirements of adolescents as future parents. The final hypotheses found a statistically significant positive correlation between the personality trait of agreeableness and the freedom of the adolescent as a future parent. |
