| Popis: |
Terrestrialization, the transition of plants from water to land and the subsequent colonization of these new habitats, took place approximately 480 million years ago. This event caused significant changes in the planet's surface and enabled the formation of modern terrestrial ecosystems. It is associated with a number of morphological, anatomical and physiological adaptations, without which terrestrial plants would not be able to control newly inhabited habitats. The aim of this thesis is to summarize current knowledge about the possible ancestor of land plants, based on fossil remains and phylogenetic studies. The chapter dealing with macrofossils highlights the importance of the Scottish locality near the village of Rhynie and the description of the oldest vascular land plant Cooksonia barrandei. Attention is also paid to the alternation of generations within the life cycle, including a brief excursion into the history of the study and a description of the metagenesi sof rhyniophytes. Molecular aspects of this issue are also described, especially the emphasis on the role of biopolymers and phytohormones. |
