| Popis: |
This bachelor thesis deals with disorders of the musculoskeletal system in artistic gymnasts and the possibilities to influence them with physiotherapy. The preparation of artistic gymnasts begins at a very early age when the body is not yet sufficiently developed. Due to early specialisation and excessive load, disorders of the musculoskeletal system may arise. Within physiotherapy, these disorders can be solved and, to some extent, prevented. The aim of the thesis was to find out what disorders of the musculoskeletal system selected artistic gymnasts suffer and to choose appropriate therapy. Other aim was to find out how to prevent frequent functional disorders of the musculoskeletal system in artistic gymnasts. In the theoretical part, artistic gymnastics, its history, the specifics of training and the system of competitions are characterized. Other chapters deal with functional disorders of the musculoskeletal system and their chaining, muscle imbalances, hypermobility, as well as disorders of the musculoskeletal system and injuries in artistic gymnasts, also the theoretical part of used kinesiotherapy methods. In the practical part, examining methods in physiotherapy and obtained data from research are described. The research was attended by 3 artistic gymnasts from Merkur České Budějovice, z.s. team and lasted in the range of 8 therapies. The research was carried out in the form of processing individual case reports, which include anamnesis, initial kinesiological analysis, proposal of short-term and long-term physiotherapy plan, course of each therapy and output kinesiological analysis. Based on the data obtained, a compensatory exercise was created and processed into a manual. The research showed that in selected gymnasts, disorders most often occurred in the area of the shoulder girdle, the transition of the thoracic and lumbar spine, the lumbar spine, in the area of the ankle joints, as well as the weakening of the deep stabilizing system. This work can be used in the practice of clinical and sports physiotherapists, or to expand the awareness of gymnastics coaches. |
