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Namen prispevka: Namen prispevka je na podlagi analize preteklih primerov, pregleda literature in na podlagi analize odgovorov fokusnih skupin konceptualno opredeliti indikatorje zgodnjega opozarjanja na radikalizacijo. Metode: Najprej smo opravili temeljit pregled literature, na vzorcu različnih deležnikov smo izvedli fokusne skupine in s pomočjo vsebinske analize identificirali skupne vedenjske indikatorje, ki smo jih uporabili pri oblikovanju modela zgodnjega zaznavanja radikalizacije pri posameznikih v Sloveniji. S pomočjo različnih spletnih orodij Word Cloud smo indikatorje tudi grafično ponazorili glede na njihovo frekvenco pojavljanja znotraj posameznih fokusnih skupin. Ugotovitve: Izdelan je bil indikatorski model RadCePro, v katerega smo vključili naslednje vedenjske indikatorje radikalizacije: verbalno ali fizično nasilno vedenje, grožnje z nasilnim vedenjem opravičevanje nasilnega vedenja absolutno zavračanje drugih (po veri, politični pripadnosti) in drugačnih (rasa, spolna pripadnost) nenadna sprememba v vedenju – odklanjanje hrane, odklanjanje zdravljenja, odklanjanje nečesa, kar je bilo za osebo značilno in običajno v preteklosti prostovoljna ali neprostovoljna socialna marginalizacija občutek osamljenosti, nekoristnosti, nepripadnosti skupini, skupnosti ter prekinitev socialnih stikov z družino in prijatelji nesprejemanje pravil, izvrševanje kaznivih ravnanj izražen narcisizem in dovzetnost za teorije zarot zavračanje avtoritete, pravil, postopkov prekomerna verska vnema, nezadovoljstvo z običajnimi verskimi praksami, zavračanje verskih avtoritet pogosta zloraba alkohola, drog iskanje virov o skrajnih ideologijah in idejah ter tetovaže in nakit z radikalno vsebino in simboli, gestikulacija ekstremističnih znakov, izražanje pripadnosti ekstremistični skupini z oblačili ali na kak drug način (glasba, literatura). Izvirnost/pomembnost prispevka: Rezultat študije je prvi celoviti model indikatorjev radikalizacije v Sloveniji. Purpose: The purpose of the article is to conceptually identify early warning indicators of radicalization and to establish an indicator-based model for identifying and monitoring the process of radicalization. Design/Methods/Approach: We first conducted a thorough review of the literature, then we conducted focus groups on a sample of different stakeholders, and identified, through content analysis, common behavioural indicators that can be used in the model of early detection of radicalization. By using various Word Cloud web tools, we also graphically illustrated the indicators according to their frequency. Findings: A RadCePro indicator-based model incorporates the following behavioural indicators of radicalization: verbal or physical violent behaviour, threats of violent behaviour justification of violent behaviour absolute rejection of others (by religion, political affiliation) and different ones (race, gender) a sudden change in behaviour – the rejection of food, the rejection of healing, the rejection of something that was characteristic of the person and usual in the past voluntary or involuntary social marginalization a sense of loneliness, worthlessness, a lack of belonging to the community, and breaking social contacts with family and friends non-acceptance of rules, committing criminal acts expressed narcissism and susceptibility to conspiracy theories denial of authority, rules, procedures excessive religious zeal, dissatisfaction with ordinary religious practices, rejection of religious authority common alcohol and drug abuse searching for sources of extreme ideologies and ideas, tattoos and jewellery with radical content and symbols, gesturing extremist signs, communicating affiliation with an extremist group through dress or otherwise (music, literature). Originality/Value: The presented model is the first comprehensive model of indicators of radicalization leading to violent behaviour in Slovenia. |
