LIABILITY FOR DAMAGES OF A WORKER

Autor: Pezdirc, Anja
Přispěvatelé: Senčur-Peček, Darja
Jazyk: slovinština
Rok vydání: 2010
Předmět:
Zdroj: Maribor
Popis: Delavec je odškodninsko odgovoren delodajalcu za škodo, ki jo na delu ali v zvezi z delom povzroči delodajalcu. V zvezi z ugotavljanjem odškodninske odgovornosti delavca v okviru delovnega razmerja se uporabljajo pravila civilnega prava, kolikor Zakon o delovnih razmerjih ne določa posebnosti. Ena od teh posebnosti se nanaša na stopnjo krivde — delavec je dolžan povrniti delodajalcu škodo, ki jo namenoma ali iz hude malomarnosti povzroči na delu ali v zvezi z delom, ne pa tudi škode, ki bi jo povzročil iz male malomarnosti. Če škodo povzroči več delavcev, je vsak izmed njih odgovoren samo za tisti del škode, ki ga je sam povzročil, kadar pa se tega ne da ugotoviti, so vsi odgovorni po enakih deležih, ali če več delavcev povzroči škodo z naklepnim kaznivim dejanjem in so v tem primeru za škodo solidarno odgovorni. Zakon omogoča, da se s kolektivno pogodbo določijo pavšalni zneski odškodnine, kar pa ne velja za škodo, ki jo povzroči delodajalec delavcu zaradi kršitve pogodbe diskriminacije ali kršitve dolžnosti varstva pred spolnim in drugim nadlegovanjem ali trpinčenjem na delovnem mestu, za katero dogovarja delodajalec po splošnih pravilih civilnega prava. Odškodninsko odgovornost javnih uslužbencev posebej ureja Zakon o javnih uslužbencih, ki v celoti velja samo za neposredne uporabnike državnega ali občinskih proračunov. Za ostale javne uslužbence pa pride v poštev Zakon o delovnih razmerjih, ki se v razmerju do Zakona o javnih uslužbencih uporablja subsidiarno. Ker je ureditev instituta odškodninske odgovornosti v obeh zakonih zelo podobna, kaže na morebitno nepotrebno podvajanje. Odškodninska odgovornost delodajalca za delavca je posebna oblika odgovornosti za ravnanje drugega. Ta primer je v celoti urejen v Obligacijskem zakoniku, ki določa, da delodajalec odgovarja za ravnanja delavca, razen, če dokaže, da je delavec ravnal tako, kot je bilo potrebno. A worker shall be liable to payment of compensation for damage caused to an employer in the workplace or in relation to work. Unless special features are stipulated by Employment Relationship Act, a detection of damage liability of the worker in the context of employment relationship shall be regulated by the regulations of Civil Law. One of the possible special features refers to degree of fault – the worker is obliged to compensate the employer for damage caused intentionally or by serious negligence in the workplace or in relation to work. However, the worker is not liable for damage caused by ordinary negligence. If damage is caused by more workers, each of them is liable only for their own part of damage. If it is impossible to discover individual parts, all workers are obliged to compensate equal shares. Furthermore, if more workers cause damage with intentionally committed criminal offence, have joint liability. Employment relationship Act enables collective contract to determine amount of lump-sum compensation. However, this is not a case when the employer causes damage to the worker with violation of discrimination contract, or with violation of obligation for protecting the worker against sexual and other harassment in the workplace. In this case, the employer shall be liable under the general regulations of Civil Law. Damage liability of civil servants shall be governed by Civil Servants Act which is wholly applicable only to direct state or municipal budget users. The issues relating to the other civil servants shall therefore be regulated by Employment Relationship Act which applies subsidiary in relation to Civil Servants Act. The both Acts regulate the damage liability similarly therefore, duplication is unnecessary. The employer’s damage liability for the worker is a special type of liability for another’s conduct. Code of Obligations shall govern such case wholly. It stipulates that the employer is legally responsible for conduct of the worker, unless the employer proves that the worker acted as it was necessary.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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