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Zakonska zveza je običajno eden najpomembnejših institutov oziroma mejnikov v življenju človeka, predvsem iz socialnega, družbenega in družinskega vidika. Zakonska zveza je vrednota in temeljni pravni postulat družbe, ki pa se razlikuje glede na različna kulturna okolja in obdobja zgodovine. Zakonska zveza je pravni institut, ki je tesno povezan z družino in družinskih življenjem, saj je le-ta največkrat temeljni cilj in pomembna posledica sklenitve zakonske zveze med osebama različnega spola. Družina je trajna skupnost, je posledica pravnega akta, kjer so vzpostavljeni osebni odnosi in čustvena navezanost med partnerjema različnih spolov, starši in otroci. Zakonska zveza, pravni institut, kakor ga poznamo danes, ima svoje korenine v srednjem veku. Družba srednjega veka je bila razslojena, kljub temu so bile posledice sklenitve zakonske zveze, ne glede na stan iz katerega sta izhajala sklenitelja, povsem enake. Izhodišča zakonske zveze so se dokončno oblikovala v Dekretu Tametsi leta 1563. Kot tak je pravni institut zakonske zveze s svojimi posledicami ostal nespremenjen. Codex iuris canonici iz leta 1983 s svojim predhodnikom in imenovanim Dekretom potrjuje to trditev za področje kanonskega prava in ODZ iz leta 1811 s svojimi novelami iz začetka 20. stoletja za civilno področje. Vse do konkordatov države z KC v 18. in 19. stoletju, je odločilno vlogo pri sklepanju zakonske zveze imela KC s svojimi predstavniki, šele druga polovica 19. stoletja prenese pristojnost v celoti na državne organe. Marriage is usually one of the most important institutes in the life of an individual, mainly from a social and family point of view. Marriage is a value and the main legal postulate of a society, although its meaning differs depending on various cultural sorroundings and periods of history. The main objective and consequence of marriage between persons of opposite sex is family and family life and therefore as a legal institute closely connected to them. The family is a permanent community, which is the consequence of a legal act where personal relationships and emotional attachments are established between spouses, parents and children. The legal institute of marriage as we know it today has its roots in the middle Ages. The medieval society was very socialy divided, nevertheless were the consequences of marriage regardless of social class from which the individual came the same for everybody. The basis for the legal institute of marriage was definitely formed in the Tametsi Decree of 1563 and as such it remained unaltered ever since. Codex iuris canonici from 1983 with its predecessor and previously named Decree confirm this fact for the field of canon law, as does the Common Civil Code from 1811 with its novels from the start of the 20th century for the field of civil law. Up to the Concordats of the state with the Catholic Church in the 18th and 19th century, the Catholic Church with all its representatives had the decisive role at regulating marriage. Only in the second half of the 19th century all of the jurisdiction is transfered to the State authorities. |
