Maribor and the Command of the Southwest Front during the First World War
| Autor: | Antoličič, Gregor |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | Rahten, Andrej |
| Jazyk: | slovinština |
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
nadvojvoda Evgen
First World War Svetozar Boroević Batlles on Isonzo Avstro-Ogrska poveljstvo jugozahodne fronte poveljstvo 5. armade Army Commands vrhovno vojaško poveljstvo Archduke Eugen Command of the 5th Army Command of the South-West Front Prva svetovna vojna soško bojišče Austro-Hungary Maribor 1914–1918 |
| Zdroj: | Maribor |
| Popis: | Pričujoča doktorska disertacija prikazuje ključne poteze poveljstva jugozahodne fronte v času njegove nastanitve v Mariboru. Poveljstvo je bilo namreč po vstopu Kraljevine Italije v prvo svetovno vojno v Mariboru nastanjeno od maja 1915 do marca 1916 ter od marca 1917 do novembra 1917. Disertacija na eni strani prikazuje ključne vojaške in politične poteze poveljstva, na drugi strani pa želi ugotoviti, kako je prisotnost poveljstva vplivala na življenje v Mariboru. Poveljstvo je bilo vmesni vojaški organ med armadami na bojišču in vrhovnim vojaškim poveljstvom. Opravljalo je pomembne naloge pri oskrbovanju bojišča z vsem, kar so enote potrebovale, poleg tega pa je na podlagi obsežnih političnih pristojnosti v zaledju fronte skrbelo za ohranjanje reda in miru. Poveljstvo s sedežem v Mariboru je tako imelo izredno širok delokrog delovanja na obsežnem območju, ki se je razprostiralo od švicarsko-italijansko-avstro-ogrske tromeje do izliva reke Timav v Jadransko morje. Če k fronti prištejemo še zaledje, ki je politično spadalo pod poveljstvo jugozahodne fronte, lahko ugotovimo, da je bilo poveljstvo s sedežem v Mariboru izredno pomemben vojaški in politični organ Avstro-Ogrske. Maribor je torej postal sedež najpomembnejšega vojaškega organa, ki je imel v dotedanji zgodovini Slovencev stalni sedež na ozemlju današnje Slovenije. S prihodom poveljstva jugozahodne fronte v Maribor se je spremenilo vsakdanje življenje številnih Mariborčanov, saj so bili glede na tedaj veljavno zakonodajo dolžni v svojih stanovanjih nastaniti vojaško osebje. Glede na to, da je poveljstvo v povprečju štelo ok. 300 uslužbencev, je to pomenilo veliko breme za mestno prebivalstvo. Tudi nekatere civilne stavbe so se spremenile v vojaške objekte. Scherbaumova vila ob mestnem parku je postala sedež poveljstva, stavba današnje Prve gimnazije Maribor je služila za nastanitev velikega dela uradniškega aparata poveljstva, v dvorani Pivovarne Götz (današnja Unionska dvorana) pa so častniki poveljstva vsak dan obedovali. Poleg teh stavb je poveljstvo za nastanitev svojih uslužbencev najelo mnoga druga poslopja v mestu. Tako je središče Maribora čez noč prepletla mreža vojaških objektov in v njih delujočih oseb, ki so spremenili podobo in utrip mesta. Tako je torej poveljstvo jugozahodne fronte s prihodom v mesto močno vplivalo na vsakdanje življenje številnih meščanov, hkrati pa je bilo pomemben vojaški organ, pod okrilje katerega je spadalo tudi soško bojišče. Temu pričujoča doktorska disertacija namenja posebno pozornost prav zaradi velikega pomena, ki ga je imelo za Slovence. Dogajanje ob Soči je postavljeno v širši kontekst tedanje organizacije jugozahodnega bojišča. Posebna pozornost je posvečena odnosom med 5. armado, ki se je borila na soškem bojišču, ter poveljstvom jugozahodne fronte. Hkrati pa pričujoča doktorska disertacija posebno pozornost posveča tudi odnosu poveljstva jugozahodne fronte in poveljstva 5. armade do slovenske politične inteligence. Kot ključni vojaški osebnosti dogajanja na jugozahodnem in soškem bojišču pa bosta predstavljena nadvojvoda Evgen in Svetozar Boroević. This doctoral dissertation presents main moves of the Austro-Hungarian Command of the South West Front during its stay in Maribor. The Command was accommodated in Maribor after the Kingdom of Italy had entered into the First World War, i.e. from May 1915 until March 1916, and from March 1917 until November 1917. This dissertation on one hand presents key military and political moves of the Command, and on the other hand investigates how the presence of the Command had influenced on everyday life in Maribor. The Command was an intermediate military body between the armies on battlefields and the supreme military command. It carried out important tasks in supplying battlefields with everything that solders needed, and it was responsible for maintaining order and peace in the hinterland of the front. The Command with its seat in Maribor carried out a wide range of operations on an area that ranged from the Swiss-Italian-Austro-Hungarian border to the estuary of the Timavo River that flows into the Adriatic Sea. Taking into consideartion the battlefield together with the hinterland, it can be clearly seen that the Command with its seat in Maribor was very important military – political body of Austro-Hungary. Maribor soon became the headquarter of the most important military body which had a permanent seat in present times Slovenia back then. With the arrival of the Command of the South West Front to Maribor the life of people who lived in the city changed dramatically. According to the law, they were forced to welcome soldiers into their homes. The Command had on average 300 employees and it soon became a burden for the city population. Some of civil buildings were turned into military facilities. The Scherbaum Villa near the city park became the seat of the Command, the building of today's First High School Maribor accommodated officials of the Command, while the officers of the command were daily dining in the Pivovarna Götz Hall (today's Union Hall). The Command also rented many other buildings in the city. Thus, the city centre of Maribor was full with military buildings in which employees worked and the city’s image was entirely changed. This way, the Command of the South West Front strongly influenced the daily life of many citizens, and at the same time, it was an important military body, which also commanded on Battles on Isonzo. The dissertation thus pays great attention to this aspect because of the great importance to Slovenes. The events along the Isonzo River are placed in the broader context of the organization of the southwestern battlefield. Special attention was given to the relationship between the 5th Army, which fought on the Isonzo Front, and the Command of the South West Front. At the same time, the attention was also given to the relationship between the Command of the South West Front and the command of the 5th Army towards Slovenian political intelligence. Archduke Evgen and Svetozar Boroevic are presented as key military commanders on the Southwestern battlefield and the Isonzo Front. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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