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Po svetu in pri nas pokojninski sistem temelji na zagotavljanju ustreznih pokojnin starostnikom, da lahko ti preostanek življenja preživijo dostojno. Nekoč, ko takih sistemov pokojnin še niso poznali, je bilo življenje starostnikov po končani zaposlitvi odvisno od pomoči družine. Kasneje se je z razvojem pokojninskih sistemov ta odgovornost postopoma prenesla na državo. Zaradi pospešenih demografskih gibanj, ki so povzročila težave na področju staranja prebivalstva, se vedno bolj zdi, da se bo slika ponovno obrnila, tako da posamezniki v upokojitveni dobi brez dodatne pomoči družine ne bodo preživeli. Zato je treba ljudi že na samem začetku zaposlitve spodbuditi k dodatnemu varčevanju in ne šele nekaj let pred upokojitvijo. Ljudem je treba dopovedati, da njihovo življenje v času upokojitve ni več povsem odvisno od države, ampak predvsem od samih sebe. V diplomskem projektu smo izbrane sisteme s področja pokojnin najprej opisali, nato smo jih še primerjali. Med obravnavanimi sistemi Slovenije, Švice in Švedske je kljub njihovi raznolikosti mogoče najti tudi veliko podobnosti – ena od teh je, da vsi temeljijo na sistemu treh stebrov. Prav tako pa smo našli različne podatke, na podlagi katerih se hitro opazi, kateri sistem nudi državljanom najboljše pogoje oz. večjo socialno varnost. S preučevanjem in primerjanjem pokojninskega sistema v Sloveniji z izbranima državama smo prišli do ugotovitve, da bo morala Slovenija v prihodnosti sprejeti še kakšno reformo oz. uvesti spremembe na področju te zakonodaje, če bo želel slovenski pokojninski sistem ohraniti vsaj srednjeročno vzdržljivost. In the world and in Slovenia, the pension systems are based on the adequate provision of pensions to the retirees, so that they can spend the rest of their lives properly. When such pension systems were not yet known, elderly people depended on family support after retiring. Only later, when the pension systems developed, this became the responsibility of the state. Due to demographic and other movements, which have caused problems in the area of aging, it is becoming possible that the elderly will not be able to survive without the help of their families. Therefore, people should be encouraged to start making additional savings at the very beginning of their employment, and not only a few years before retirement. People should be advised that their lives after employment do not depend solely on the state, but mostly on them. In the diploma project, we described and compared the selected pension systems. When comparing pension systems of Slovenia, Switzerland, and Sweden, a lot of similarities can be found despite their diversity - one of them is that they are all based on a system of three pillars. We also found various data that shows which system offers the best conditions for citizens or is based on social security. By studying and comparing Slovenia's pension system to the systems of the other two countries, we have come to the conclusion that Slovenia will have to adopt a reform or introduce changes in the field of this legislation if the pension system wanted to maintain at least medium-term endurance. |
