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Predkupna pravica je pravica do nakupa stvari, pred drugimi interesenti. Poznamo pogodbeno in zakonito predkupno pravico. Ena najšibkejših oblik omejevanja lastninske pravice na nepremičninah je zakonita predkupna pravica. Pri tej omejitvi se v javnem interesu omejuje promet oziroma razpolaganje z nepremičninami. Javni interes je regularna splošna korist. Zakonita predkupna pravica ne posega bistveno v svobodo lastnikovega razpolaganja, temveč usmerja pravni promet na osebo, ki se glede na javni interes šteje za najprimernejšega lastnika nepremičnine. Zakonita predkupna pravica ne ovira lastnika nepremičnine pri odločitvi, ali bo nepremičnino prodal, temveč vpliva samo na odločitev, komu jo bo prodal. Zakonita predkupna pravica obstaja, dokler velja zakon, ki jo ureja. Pri prodaji nepremičnine mora lastnik nepremičnine (predkupni zavezanec) najprej preveriti, če njegova nepremičnina leži na območju predkupne pravice. Če nepremičnina leži na območju predkupne pravice, je prodajalec dolžan nepremičnino najprej ponuditi predkupnemu upravičencu. Predkupni upravičenec pa se mora v določenem roku izjaviti, ali bo nepremičnino kupil ali ne. Če se odloči, da je ne bo kupil, lahko lastnik nepremičnino proda drugi osebi, vendar pod enakimi ali zase ugodnejšimi pogoji, kot jih je ponudil predkupnemu upravičencu. A pre-emption right is a right to acquire certain property before it can be offered to other entities. We distinguish between contractual and legal pre-emption right. One of the weakest forms of limitation of real estate property right is the legal pre-emption right. This limitation limits real estate trade or its use in the interest of the public. Public interest refers to general welfare. Legal pre-emption right does not significantly interfere with the owner's freedom of use, but rather guides legal transactions to a person who, according to the public interest, is deemed to be the most suitable real estate owner. Legal pre-emption right does not interfere with the real estate owner's decision whether or not to sell real estate it only affects the decision to whom real estate will be sold. Legal pre-emption right exists as long there is law that regulates it. When selling real estate, the real estate owner (person liable for pre-emption) has to verify beforehand if their real estate is located in the area covered by pre-emption right. If real estate is located in the area covered by pre-emption right, the owner is obliged to first offer the real estate to a pre-emption claimant. However, the pre-emption claimant has to declare themselves within a specified period whether or not to buy the real estate. If they decide not to buy, the owner is allowed to sell the real estate to another entity, provided that they sell it under the same or more favourable conditions than were offered to the pre-emption claimant. |
