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Purpose: The purpose of this study is to map and analyse how travellers at an airport and on ferries experience, interpret and define the risk, safety and freedom of movement in the northern part of the Baltic Sea region with regard to the border agencies. Design/Methods/Approach: This qualitative study is based on empirically gathered material such as field interviews and fieldwork observations on Stockholm’s Arlanda airport in Sweden, and a Tallink Silja Line ferry running between Stockholm and Riga in Latvia. The study’s general starting point was an ethno-methodologically inspired perspective on verbal descriptions along with an interactionist perspective which considers interactions expressed through language and gestures. Apart from this starting point, this study focused on the construction of safety as particularly relevant components of the collected empirical material. Findings: The study findings suggest that many passengers at the airport and on the ferries hold positive views about the idea of the freedom of movement in Europe, but are scared of threats coming from outside Europe. The travellers created and re-created the phenomenon of safety which is maintained in contrast to others, in this case the threats from outside Europe. Originality/Value: The passengers in this study construct safety by distinguishing against the others outside Europe but also through interaction with them. The passengers emphasise that the freedom of movement is personally beneficial because it is easier for EU citizens to travel within Europe but, at the same time, it is regarded as facilitating the entry of potential threats into the European Union. UDC: 005.934:[627.21+656.71] Namen prispevka: Namen prispevka je predstaviti raziskavo, v kateri so avtorji analizirali izkušnje potnikov letalskega in trajektnega prometa severnega predela Baltskega morja. Cilj je ugotoviti in analizirati, kako potniki z vidika mejnega nadzora definirajo in interpretirajo tveganja, varnost ter svobodo gibanja. Metode: Izvedena je bila kvalitativna metoda zbiranja podatkov, in sicer v obliki terenskega opazovanja in intervjuvanja potnikov na švedskem letališču Arlanda (Stockholm) in trajektni liniji Tallink Silja Line med Stockholmom, Rigo in Latvijo. V interakciji s potniki je bila kot izhodišče uporabljena etnografska metoda, ki se osredotoča na proučevanje verbalne in neverbalne komunikacije. Pri analizi zbranih podatkov so se avtorji primarno osredotočili na razumevanje zaznavanj potnikov glede varnosti. Ugotovitve: Rezultati kažejo, da je veliko potnikov v raziskavi naklonjenih evropski ideji svobodnega gibanja, vendar jih je pri tem strah groženj, ki izvirajo iz zunanjega okolja Evropske unije. Avtorji ugotavljajo, da potniki varnost doživljajo in ocenjujejo v razmerju do drugih ljudi, njihova stališča pa so odvisna od dogajanja v zunanjem okolju – v konkretnem primeru so to grožnje, ki se pojavljajo za evropskimi mejami (npr. terorizem). Izvirnost/pomembnost prispevka: Raziskava v prispevku pojasnjuje, kako potniki dojemajo varnost v potniškem prometu in kako oblikujejo oz. razvijejo to zaznavanje. Med analizo njihovih stališč se je pokazalo, da druge ljudi ocenjujejo glede na izvorno državo in jih kategorizirajo na “zunanje in notranje”. Stališča glede varnosti oblikujejo tudi skozi izkušnje v tujem potniškem prometu. Potniki sicer poročajo, da imajo zaradi politike svobodnega gibanja veliko osebnih koristi, vendar pa menijo, da se s tem ustvarjajo nove ranljivosti in povečuje verjetnost varnostnih tveganj za Evropsko unijo. |
