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Nasilje nad otroki je problem, ki je največkrat skrit v ''varnem'' družinskem okolju. Družina bi naj ustvarjala okolje, v katerem bi otrok našel ljubezen, zaupanje, toplino, razumevanje in podporo. Vse prevečkrat pa temu ni tako. Država je tista, ki mora ustvariti potrebne razmere za varstvo družine, materinstva, očetovstva, otrok in mladine. Leta 2008 je bil za ta namen sprejet Zakon o preprečevanju nasilja v družini, ki je prvi zakon, ki izrecno obravnava nasilje v družini. Ta zakon določa pojem nasilja v družini, vlogo in naloge državnih organov, nosilcev javnih pooblastil, izvajalcev javnih služb, organov samoupravnih lokalnih skupnosti in nevladnih organizacij pri obravnavanju nasilja v družini ter določa ukrepe za varstvo žrtev nasilja v družini. Zakon kot nasilje opredeljuje vsako uporabo fizičnega, spolnega, psihičnega ali ekonomskega nasilja enega družinskega člana proti drugemu. Pri tem pa ni pomembna starost, spol ali katerakoli druga osebna okoliščina žrtve ali povzročitelja. Vse prevečkrat si pred nasiljem zatiskamo oči in ga nočemo videti. Nasilje nad otroki želimo opravičiti z vzgojnimi metodami, intervencijo države pa vidimo kot poseganje v zasebnost družine. Zavedati se moramo, da so otroci skupina ljudi, ki zaradi svoje ranljivosti potrebujejo posebno varstvo, le-to pa jim zagotavlja Zakon o preprečevanju nasilja v družini. Ni dovolj, da vidimo nasilje in ga prepoznamo, pomembno je, da ga skušamo preprečiti in otroke vzgajati v nenasilnem okolju, v katerem bodo lahko razvili svoje sposobnosti in potencial. Pomembno vlogo v boju proti nasilju nad otroki imajo centri za socialno delo. Omenjeni zakon jim nalaga obveznost, da preučijo okoliščine vsakega primera, da žrtvi nudijo pomoč, da izdelajo načrt pomoči, da vodijo zbirko podatkov in jo obdelujejo ter obravnavajo tudi povzročitelja nasilja in ne le žrtev. Kadar center za socialno delo presodi, da je potrebno izdelati načrt pomoči, ga mora pripraviti v okviru multidisciplinarnega tima, pri katerem je dolžan k sodelovanju pozvati tudi druge organe in organizacije. Ravno to sodelovanje med posameznimi organi in organizacijami pa je ključno za doseganje zastavljenega cilja – preprečiti nasilje nad otroki. Violence against children represents a problem which is, in most cases, hidden in a “safe” family environment. The family is supposed to create an environment in which the child can find love, trust, cosiness, understanding, and support. Unfortunately, this is too scarcely the case. The state is the one that has to establish the conditions necessary for the protection of families, motherhood, fatherhood, children, and the youth. In 2008, the Family Violence Prevention Act was adopted for this purpose. It is the first act that deals with family violence in an explicit way. The act stipulates the notion of family violence, and it determines the role and functions of public authorities, bearers of public authority, public service contractors, bodies of self-governing local communities, and non-governmental organizations when dealing with domestic violence. The act also specifies the measures concerning the protection of victims being submitted to family violence. The act defines violence as any use of physical, sexual, mental, or economic violence of one family member against the other one. The age, sex, or any other personal circumstances of both – the victim, and the doer – are irrelevant. We tend to close our eyes to violence too often, neglecting to recognize it. We try to justify violence against children on the grounds of using educational methods, and we see the state intervention as interference in the family privacy. We need to realize that children, because of their vulnerability, represent a group of people that need special protection, which is assured to them by the Family Violence Prevention Act. It is not enough for us to detect violence and recognize it it is imperative that we try to prevent it, and bring our children up in a non-violent environment, in an environment in which our children will be able to develop their abilities, their potential. Social Work Centres (SWC) have an important role battling against violence against children. The Family Violence Prevention Act states that the SWCs have to examine the circumstances of every case. They have to offer assistance to the victim, make an aid plan, lead and process the database, and deal also with the person responsible for violence, not only with the victim. When SWC estimates that it is necessary to compile an aid plan, the Centre has to prepare it, working in a multidisciplinary team. SWC calls upon other authority bodies and organizations, to assist the compilation of the plan. It is exactly the co-operation among the individual authority bodies and organizations which is of key importance for the achievement of the given goal – to prevent violence against children. |
