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V diplomski nalogi je predstavljen problem verodostojnosti obujanja spominov na spolno zlorabo v mladosti. Tema je relativno malo raziskana, saj gre za večno polemiko med zagovorniki in nasprotniki potlačenih spominov. Spolna zloraba je dogodek, mimo katerega ne moremo. Je človeška prelomnica, ki pusti velike posledice skozi celo življenje, ravno zato se tako pogosto pojavi vprašanje, kako se lahko nekdo ne spomni spolne zlorabe iz otroštva ter kasneje v odrasli dobi tak spomin zopet privre na plano. Še najbolj od vsega pa je vprašljivo kako verodostojni so ti spomini. O pojmu represija je pisal že Sigmund Freud, ki je trdil, da neprijetne in boleče trenutke izrinemo iz zavesti in se s tem izognemo nelagodju, kar pa ne pomeni, da jih odstranimo. Znanstvenih dokazov o potlačenih spominih do sedaj še ni, je pa veliko rečenega na to temo tako s strani zagovornikov kot nasprotnikov. Obujanje bolečih spominov je lahko dvorezni meč, saj je naš spomin tako krhek in hitro pokvarljiv, da že manjša napaka pripelje do popačenja. Na eni strani so resnični in verodostojni primeri obujenih spominov, spet na drugi strani t. i. lažni spomini, katere lahko nenamerno povzroči terapevt. Ljudje z duševnimi težavami običajno poiščejo pomoč pri raznih terapevtih, ti pa lahko s sugestivnimi vprašanji človeka še bolj zmedejo in na nek način ''vcepijo'' lažen spomin na spolno zlorabo iz otroštva, ki je tako rekoč krivec za njihove duševne težave v sedanjosti. Ravno tako je vprašljiva hipnoza, saj kolikor je dejansko uporabna, so lahko njeni učinki tudi nasprotni, kajti človek pod hipnozo je še bolj dovzeten za predloge, kakor v običajnem stanju. Nekako se večina raziskav nagiba na to, da gre pri potlačenih travmatičnih spominih bolj kot ne za supresijo, ki pomeni izogibanje pogovoru o občutljivi tematiki in začasno nedostopnost teh spominov o katerih žrtev ne razmišlja in ne za dejansko pozabo. This bachelor thesis presents the issue of credibility of recovered memories in sexual abuse of youth. There has been little research done in connection to this subject, as it is a perpetual controversy between the supporters and opponents of repressed memories. Sexual abuse is an occurrence that we can never get past. It is a turning point that leaves grave consequences throughout the victim’s whole life, which is why the question often arises of how one cannot remember childhood sexual abuse but can later in the adult life regain that memory again. However, what is most questionable is how reliable these memories actually are. Sigmund Freud has already written about the notion of “repression” arguing that we suppress unpleasant and painful events from our conscience and thus avoid discomfort, not meaning we remove them. Until now, there is no scientific proof about suppressed memories, however a lot has been said about this subject, both by the opponents and proponents. Recovering painful memories can be a double edge sword as our memory is so fragile and perishable that even a minor disruption could lead to distortion. On one hand there are reliable cases of memory recollection, while on the other there are so called false memories, that are unintentionally generated by the therapist. Individuals with mental health issues usually seek help from different therapists, who can confuse their clients even more with suggestive questions and can instil a false memory of childhood sexual abuse, which is essentially he culprit for their mental health issues in the present. Similarly questionable is hypnosis while it can be useful, it may produce counterintuitive effects, since an individual under hypnosis is even more susceptible to suggestions than usual. Most of the researches suggest that repressed traumatic memories are more or less a supression, meaning that the victim avoids conversations about this sensative subject, which leads to temporary unavailability of those memories, however, it does not mean that they have actually forgotten about the event. |
