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V magistrski nalogi sem se ukvarjala z družino Hunyadi in z njihovo vlogo pri oblikovanju madžarske in evropske zgodovine. Opisala sem, kako se je v le nekaj desetletjih povečal vpliv te družine, kako je lahko postal član družine, ki ni izvirala iz kraljeve dinastije, kralj Kraljevine Ogrske, kako je le-ta s svojimi odločitvami vplival na oblikovanje zgodovine. Na koncu naloge sem opisala še vsakdanje življenje na Ogrskem v času vladavine Matije Korvina. Vzpon družine Hunyadi, ki ni izvirala iz kraljeve družine, se je začel z Jánosem Hunyadijem, ki je imel pomembno vlogo v boju proti Turkom. S svojimi dosežki si je pridobil dovolj veliko vlogo, da je lahko vplival na oblikovanje madžarske zgodovine. Postal je eden najvplivnejših mož v državi, prav njegove zasluge, njegovi dosežki so veliko pripomogli k dejstvu, da so njegovega mlajšega sina, Matija Korvina kasneje izvolili za ogrskega kralja. Korvin je moral na začetku svojega vladanja utrditi svojo oblast in izvesti številne reforme, eden izmed najpomembnejših ukrepov je bila uvedba črne vojske, ki mu je pomagala pri oblikovanju centralizirane kraljeve moči. Matija Korvin se je po utrditvi svoje oblasti začel zapletati v vojne, ki so bile tako rekoč nujne, tako v vojne proti Turkom in v vojne, s katerimi se je želel uveljaviti v Evropi in v tiste, ki so oblikovale potek evropske zgodovine: to so vojne proti Čehom in vojne v Avstriji. Matija Korvin je bil nosilec več nazivov: kralj Kraljevine Ogrske, od leta 1469 je bil še češki kralj, od leta 1486 pa še vojvoda Avstrije. Matija Korvin ni bil samo vojščak, bil je tudi veliki ljubitelj umetnosti, tako je njegov dvor postal središče renesanse. Budimski dvor je slovel po svoji knjižnici Bibliotheci Corviniani ali na kratko Corvini. V času njegovega vladanja je renesančna kultura na Madžarskem dosegla višek. V svojih raziskavah sem ugotovila, da je na oblikovanje kulture in življenja na budimskem dvoru v veliki meri vplivala tudi Matijeva druga žena Beatrice Aragonska. V nalogi sem se ukvarjala še z vsakdanjim življenjem v času Matije Korvina, primerjala sem razlike med premožnejšimi in revnejšimi, opisala pa sem tudi nekatere tipične začimbe in prehranjevalne navade tistega časa. The thesis studies the Hunyadi dynasty and the role it played in shaping of the Hungarian and European history. I have described the swift rise of the Hunyadi family, how a member of the nobility became the king of Hungary, and impact that his decisions had on Hungarian history. The last chapter of the thesis portrays everyday life in Hungary in the time of Matthias Corvinus. The rise of the Hunyadi dynasty, that had no royal descent, began with John Hunyadi, who was the leading figure in fights against the Turks. With his achievements, he acquired a role, large enough to influence the course of Hungarian history. He became one of the most influential men in the country. His accomplishments have significantly contributed to the fact that his younger son, Matthias Corvinus was later elected king of Hungary. At the beginning of his reign, Corvinus had to consolidate his power by introducing multiple reforms. The most important of which was the formation of the black army that helped him establish a centralised power. After centralisation of power, Corvinus waged wars against Turks and Czech, as well as against Austria, all of which left a deep mark on the course of European history. Matthias Corvinus was the holder of several titles: he was crowned King of Hungary, in 1469 he earned the title King of Bohemia, and in 1486 he adopted the title Duke of Austria. Despite his reputation as a warrior, Matthias Corvinus was a big patron of art. During his reign, the Hungarian court became the centre of renaissance. The court was famous for its library, Bibliotheca Corviniana, nicknamed Corvina. Hungarian renaissance culture reached its zenith during Corvinus’s reign. My research showed that Matthias’s second wife, Beatrice of Naples had a great impact on culture and everyday life in Hungarian court. Part of the thesis is reserved for analysis of everyday life, differences between social classes, typical spices and eating habits of the time. |
