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Izhodišče: Počutje delavca na delovnem mestu je izrednega pomena, saj le-to vpliva na delovno storilnost in na kakovost opravljenega dela. Psihosocialna tveganja povečujejo verjetnost za zdravstvene zaplete pri zaposlenih, kot so preobremenjenost, stres, izgorevanje, odsotnost z dela, s tem pa tudi prispevajo zmanjšano učinkovitost in storilnost na delovnem mestu in povečujejo težave pri usklajevanju dela z družinskimi obveznostmi. Namen: Ugotoviti želimo stopnjo tveganja za razvoj težav, povezanih z biopsihosocialnimi dejavniki za zaposlene delavce v zdravstvenem domu in izdelati napovedni model za ocenjevanje obremenjenosti pri delavcih. Metode: Raziskava temelji na kvantitativni metodi dela. Opravljena je bila analiza literature. S pomočjo OPSA anonimnega vprašalnika smo zbrane podatke analizirali v OPSA orodju ter jih statistično obdelali s pomočjo računalniških programov Excel 2007 in SPSS V24. Za napovedni model smo uporabili metodo linearne in logistične regresije ter odločitvena drevesa. Napovedno vrednost posameznih spremenljivk ter izdelanih napovednih modelov smo ocenjevali na osnovi naslednjih metrik: področje pod ROC krivuljo (AUC), senzitivnost, specifičnost, pozitivna napovedna vrednost in negativna napovedna vrednost. Rezultati: Rezultati raziskave so pokazali, da so delavci obremenjeni na delovnem mestu. Na podlagi rezultatov smo dobili ne le povečano, ampak visoko tveganje na področju vloge in odgovornosti v organizaciji. Za povečano tveganje so bili vključeni faktorji delovne obremenitve ter hitrost poteka dela, sam odnos do dela, osebne značilnosti posameznika, organizacijska kultura, skrb zase, nadzor, delovno okolje in delovna oprema (fizične obremenitve), razvoj poklicne kariere, vsebine in urnik dela, psihofizično zdravstveno stanje ter razmejitev zasebnega življenja in dela. Sklep: Za delavca je pomembno obvladovanje in posledično preprečevanje biopsihosocialnih tveganj, kar pripomorejo k zadovoljstvu delavca v delovnem okolju. Predvsem je potrebno ozaveščanje zaposlenih o tveganjih ter izvajanje promocije zdravja na delovnem mestu. Starting point: The worker's feelings at the workplace are of paramount importance, as this affects the work productivity and the quality of the work performed. Psychosocial risks increase the likelihood of employee health complications, such as overload, stress, burnout, absenteeism, and thus contribute to reduced efficiency and productivity in the workplace, and increase problems in reconciling work with family responsibilities. Purpose: We want to establish a level of risk for the development of problems related to biopsychosocial factors for employees in the health center and to develop a predictive model for assessing worker overload. Methods: The research is based on the quantitative method of work. An analysis of the literature was carried out. Using the OPSA anonymous questionnaire, we analyzed the collected data in the OPSA tool and statistically processed them using the Excel 2007 and SPSS V24 computer programs. For the predictive model we used the method of linear and logistic regression and decision trees. The predictive value of individual variables and designed forecast models was evaluated based on the following metrics: the area below the ROC curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value. Results: The results of the research have shown that workers are overload at work. On the basis of the results we received not only an increased but rather high risk in the field of role and responsibilities in the organization. For the increased risk, the factors of workload and workflow, the attitude towards work, personal characteristics of the individual, organizational culture, self-care, control, working environment and work equipment (physical loads), career development, content and work schedule, psychophysical health condition and delimitation of private life and work. Conclusion: It is important for a worker to control and consequently prevent biopsychosocial risks, which contribute to the worker's satisfaction in the work environment. Above all, it is necessary to raise staff awareness of the risks and to implement health promotion at the workplace. |
