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Gibraltarska ožina združuje Atlantik ter Sredozemsko morje in. ravno zaradi povezave teh dveh oceanov je ozemlju dal dodatno vrednost, saj je kontrola ozemlja ob prelivu pomenila tudi kontrolo trgovine. S prihodom Britancev na Gibraltarsko skalo je geopolitično ozračje postalo zeo napeto, kar je vidno še danes. Preliv povezuje dva kontinenta, Evropo in Afriko in ravno ta geografska lega in povezava med dvema kulturama je največji razlog za razmah trgovskih povezav, legalnih in ilegalnih. Medtem ko je Severo-zahodna Afrika z manjšimi izjemami dokaj mirna, je proti jugu zgodba drugačna saj gre za območja politične korupcije, revnega prebivalstva in nasilja, tako da je gibraltarska ožina tako povabljiva tranzicijska cona za tihotapljenje ljudi. Dandanes legalna trgovina zaradi mirnosti območja ni ogrožena, kar gre v prid tudi nezakonitemu prometu z belim blagom, tu gre za tihotapljenje migrantov in trgovino z ljudmi. Tihotapijo se tudi droge, predvsem kanabis in hašiš, ki izvirata iz Maroka. V zadnjih desetletjih se tihotapi tudi kokain – južnoameriški karteli si namreč kokaina več ne upajo tihotapiti direktno v Evropo, vendar ga tihotapijo v Maroko, kjer se ga iz ladijskih kontejnerjev preloži v manjše, hitre čolne, in preko gibraltarske ožine pretihotapi na enak način kot kanabis. Medsebojni problemi evropskih držav, nestabilnost Maroka dodatno olajšujejo tihotapljenje preko preliva. Tako je dandanes eden izmed večjih kriminalnih problemov v Evropi tihotapljenje preko gibraltarskega preliva, v tako imenovanem Jugo-Zahodnem žarišču. Glavni razlog za nastanek tihotapljenja ljudi je ponavadi slabo ekonomsko stanje v državi izvora, zato ga je težko preprečiti. Različne organizacije predlagajo različne rešitve. Tihotapljenje droge se rešuje na dva načina, izobraževanje mladih in zmanjševanje škode v Evropi, saj so le-te ponavadi končni uporabniki in nadzor meje, letališč, pristanišč, z organi kazenskega pregona. The Strait of Gibraltar conncet the Atlantic and the Mediterennean sea – the very conection that gives the territory it's worth, because the control of the strait, means control of the market. British settlment of the Rock of Gibraltar caused geopolitical tensions that last until today. The strait connects two continents, Europe and Africa, two cultures which are the main reason for establishment of both legal and illegal ways of trade. While the North-west Africa may seem peaceful, it's southern neighbours show a different story of political corruption, poverty and violence, which makes the Straits of Gibraltar very inviting to traffickers. Nowadays, due to relative peace in the region, the legal trade is not threatened, which is also positive for traffickers specialising in trafficking of migrants and human smuggling.Drugs are also smuggled, espevially canabbis and it's derivate hashish, both originating from Morocco. In the last few decades, the smuggling of cocaine increased – the south American cartels do not dare smuggling directly to Europe, but instead choose to traffick their contraband to Morocco, where it gets unloaded from the ship containers and loaded onto smaller boats and trafficked over the straits, same way as cannabis. Mutual problems of European countries and the instabiltiy of Morocco only add to trafficking over the straits. Therefore one of the breatest criminal threats in Europe is the precisely trafficking over the straits of Gibraltar, a part of south-west criminal hub. Man reason for human trafficking is the economic situation in the countries of origin, which is extremely hard to just change. Different organisations offer different solutions Smuggling of drugs could be solved in two ways: education of youth and harm reduction of potential users in Europe, and control of the border, ports and airports by law enforcment. |
