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V magistrskem delu je obravnavana okoljska retorika v slovenskih množičnih medijih. Retorika je lahko opredeljena kot veda in veščina učinkovite uporabe besed, ki obsega razumska, značajska in čustvena sredstva, s katerimi se na razumljiv, privlačen in etičen način posreduje sporočilo in spodbuja k izvajanju želenih dejanj. Pri tem je okoljska retorika lahko opredeljena kot posebno področje retorike, v sklopu katerega se obravnava učinkovito poročanje o okoljskih težavah in spodbuja k ukrepanju za njihovo odpravljanje. V delu je sprva podana opredelitev retorike tako, da je opisana grška retorična teorija, ki je osnova sodobne retorike. Poleg tega so dodana deljena mnenja nekaterih filozofov o retoriki ter njeno stanje in vloge v sodobnosti. Nato so opisane osnovne sestavine in sredstva retorike, kot jih opredeljuje Aristotel. Nadalje je opredeljena okoljska retorika kot področna retorika, ki se razvija v drugi polovici 20. stoletja. Pregledane so znanstvene in humanistične ugotovitve o retoriki oziroma okoljskem poročanju, iz katerih so izpeljana navodila učinkovitega poročanja in preglednica uporabnih retoričnih orodij. Na koncu so izbrani primeri slovenskih besedil z okoljsko tematiko analizirani in primerjani z oblikovanimi navodili in preglednico z namenom spoznavanja vključevanja osnovnih sredstev retorike v slovenski javnosti oziroma načina poročanja o okolju. Ugotovitve obsegajo pester nabor retoričnih orodij, ki so uporabna pri okoljski retoriki. Nekatera izmed orodij se v slovenski okoljski retoriki pojavljajo, vendar obstajajo možnosti za njihovo dodatno uporabo, s čimer se lahko prispeva k večji razumljivosti okoljskih težav in spodbuja k ukrepanju. The master's thesis deals with the environmental rhetoric in Slovenian mass media. Rhetoric can be defined as a system of knowledge or the skill set of effective word use, which includes rational, character and emotional tools to communicate a message in a comprehensible, attractive and ethical way, and encourages the implementation of the desired actions. In this context, environmental rhetoric can be defined as a specific area in which effective communication about environmental problems is addressed and encourages action to adress them. The definition of rhetoric is given first so that the Greek rhetorical theory is described, which is the basis of modern rhetoric. In addition, the divided opinions of some philosophers about rhetoric and its state and functions in modern times are added. Second, the basic elements and rhetorical devices are described, as defined by Aristotle. Furthermore, environmental rhetoric is defined as a field of rhetoric, which has developed in the second half of the 20th century. Scientific and humanistic findings on rhetoric or in other words environmental communication has been reviewed, from which the guidelines for effective communication are derived, as well as the table of useful rhetorical tools. Finally, selected examples of Slovene texts with an environmental theme are analysed and compared with the guidelines and the table to learn how rhetorical tools are incorporated in the Slovenian public or in other words how communication about the environment is expressed. The findings include a wide range of rhetorical tools that are useful in environmental rhetoric. Some of the tools appear in Slovenian environmental rhetoric, but there are possibilities for their additional use, which can contribute to a better understanding of environmental problems and encourages action. |
