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Uporaba membranskega bioreaktorja (MBR), ki pomeni biološko razgradnjo odpadnih voda z aktivnim blatom v kombinaciji s fizikalnim procesom membranske filtracije, je postala zanimiva predvsem zaradi številnih prednosti pri čiščenju tekstilnih odpadnih voda in hitrega razvoja v zadnjem desetletju. Namen dela je bil očistiti modelno odpadno vodo z membranskim bioreaktorjem ter določiti njegovo učinkovitost čiščenja modelne tekstilne odpadne vode, pripravljene v laboratoriju po recepturi iz industrije. Cilj je bil vzpostaviti obratovalne razmere in stabilnost celotnega sistema, ki bi dal maksimalen izkoristek čiščenja z želeno kakovostjo očiščene vode. S spremljanjem obratovalnih parametrov, kot so pretok vhodne odpadne vode, dovajanje kisika v biološki del obdelave ter spremljanje tlaka ultrafiltracije, smo nameravali zagotoviti optimalne obratovalne razmere. S fizikalno-kemijskimi analizami smo dokazali, da so se vrednosti KPK in koncentracije barvila, izražene kot spektralni absorpcijski koeficient (SAK), znižale, in sicer za 70 do 90 odstotkov. Iz rezultatov je razvidno, da je bila učinkovitost znižanja KPK okoli 90-odstotna, učinkovitost znižanja vsebnosti barvil pa doseže do 97 odstotkov. Iz navedenega lahko povzamemo, da je tehnologija MBR, ki je kombinacija biološkega in fizikalnega čiščenja, zelo učinkovita pri čiščenju tekstilne odpadne vode. The use of a membrane bioreactor (MBR) has been rapidly developing over the last decade. This technology is based on the biodegradation of wastewater with activated sludge in a combination with the physical process of membrane filtration and has become of particular interest due to its numerous advantages during waste-water treatment. The objectives of this work were to treat laboratory-prepared wastewater using MBR, in order to determine its effectiveness regarding wastewater treatment, and to establish operational parameters and system stability which would provide optimum treatment. The operational parameters, e.g. inlet waste-water flow, concentration of oxygen within a bio-unit and the monitoring of ultrafiltration pressure, were adjusted during the treatment process. By measuring individual parameters and implementing the chemical analysis, a satisfactory functioning of the MBR system was demonstrated, since the efficiency value regarding COD reduction and the elimination of dyes, expressed as SAC (Spectral Absorption Coefficient), reached 70-90% for both parameters. The results show that the removal efficiency of COD was 90% and of the dyes 97%, respectively. It can be concluded that the MBR technology, as a combination of biological and physical treatments, is very effective for the textile wastewater treatment. |
