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V največji svetovni longitudinalni raziskavi Globalni podjetniški monitor (GEM) se že 21 let raziskujemo pomembne značilnosti podjetništva s posebnim poudarkom na najbolj zgodnjih fazah, ko se zaznavajo poslovne priložnosti in se posamezniki odločajo, ali se bodo ukvarjali s podjetništvom. GEM je bil zasnovan zato, da bi (1) meril razlike v odnosu do podjetništva, aktivnosti in v aspiracijah posameznikov v čim večjem številu držav, (2) odkrival dejavnike, ki spodbujajo ali ovirajo podjetniško aktivnost, še zlasti v odnosu do družbenih vrednot, osebnih značilnosti in podjetniškega ekosistema, (3) zagotavljal platformo za ocenjevanje vpliva podjetniške aktivnosti na ekonomsko rast v določenem gospodarstvu ter (4) odkrival potrebne politične ukrepe za krepitev podjetništva. S pomočjo te raziskave bolje razumemo odnos družbe do podjetništva ter individualne značilnosti posameznika, kot so dojemanje lastnih sposobnosti za podjetniško delovanje, sposobnost zaznavanja priložnosti, podjetniške namere in strah pred neuspehom. Ker GEM spremlja podjetniško aktivnost v celotnem življenjskem ciklu (nastajajoča, nova in ustaljena podjetja, prenehanje poslovanja), po tipih aktivnosti (visoka rast, inovativnost, internacionalizacija) in po sektorjih aktivnosti (zgodnja podjetniška aktivnost, podjetniška aktivnost zaposlenih), dobimo precej bogatejšo sliko o dogajanjih, kot če bi izhajali zgolj iz podatkov, ki nam jih ponujajo običajne statistične baze podatkov. In the world’s largest longitudinal survey, the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM), we have been exploring important features of entrepreneurship for 21 years, with particular emphasis on the earliest stages when business opportunities are perceived and individuals decide whether to engage in entrepreneurship. GEM was designed to (1) measure differences in attitudes towards entrepreneurship, activities and aspirations of individuals in as many countries as possible, (2) identify factors that encourage or hinder entrepreneurial activity, especially in relation to societal values, personal characteristics and the entrepreneurial ecosystem, (3) provide a platform for assessing the impact of entrepreneurial activity on economic growth in a given economy, and (4) identify the necessary policy measures to strengthen entrepreneurship. With the help of this research, we better understand society's attitude towards entrepreneurship and characteristics of the individual, such as perception of one's own abilities for entrepreneurial activity, ability to perceive opportunities, entrepreneurial intentions, and fear of failure. As GEM monitors entrepreneurial activity throughout the phases of the life cycle (nascent, new businesses and established businesses, discontinuation), according to impact (high growth, innovation, internationalization) and by type (early-stage entrepreneurship activity, employee entrepreneurship activity), the picture is much richer than the one that is based only on data gathered from ordinary statistical databases. |
