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Kava je eden najpomembnejših kmetijskih pridelkov na mednarodnem trgu. Razmnoževanje in žlahtnjenje kavovca, na katerem zraste, traja več let, zato v sodobnem kmetijstvu uporabljamo tkivne kulture, s katerimi matično rastlino namnožimo, pospešimo prehod v generativno fazo in pridobimo zdrav rastlinski material. V diplomski nalogi smo vzpostavili tkivno kulturo pri arabskem kavovcu (Coffea arabica L.) iz aksilarnih meristemov. Za sterilizacijo smo uporabili tri načine: raztopino DICA, 1 % raztopino NaClO in 5 % raztopino NaClO pri vseh treh smo izsečke obravnavali 5 min. Pri vsakem obravnavanju smo sterilizirali po 35 nodijev matične rastline. Najboljša je bila sterilizacija z 1 % NaClO, kjer smo dobili 19 (54,29 %) vitalnih brstov okužen je bil en nodij 15 jih je propadlo. Pri sterilizaciji z DICA smo dobili 14 (40,00 %) vitalnih brstov okužili so se 4 nodiji 17 jih je propadlo. Pri sterilizaciji s 5 % NaClO je bil okužen 1 nodij (2,86 %) vitalnih je ostalo 8 (22,86 %) rastlinic kar 74,29 % jih je propadlo, kar kaže na previsoko koncentracijo NaClO. V drugem delu diplomske naloge smo spremljali razraščanje rastlin kavovca ob dodatku 6 mg/L rastlinskega hormona BA v gojišče. Po 44 dneh nobena od rastlin ni odgnala dodatnega poganjka. Povečalo se je samo število listov, ki se je pri 18 opazovanih rastlinicah povečalo iz povprečno 2,0 lista na rastlino na 3,17 listov na rastlino. Coffee is one of the most important agricultural products on the international market. In modern agriculture, tissue cultures are used to multiply the mother plant, accelerate the transition to the generative phase and obtain healthy plant material. In the thesis, a tissue culture of Arabian coffee (Coffea arabica L.) was established. The sterilization of the mother plant material was carried out in three different treatments: with a DICA solution, with 1% NaClO solution and with 5% NaClO solution, all of which were treated for 5 min. In each treatment, 35 cuttings of the parent plant were sterilized. Sterilization with 1% NaClO was the most effective. Through this method we have obtained 19 (54,29%) of vital plants and 1 cutting (2,86%) was infected. 4 (11,43%) plants were infected under DICA sterilization, while 14(40,00%) remained vital. Sterilization with 5% NaClO resulted in 8 (22,86%) vital plants and 1 (2,86%) infected cutting, 74.29% of the cuttings died due to a too high concentration. In the second part of the thesis, plants with the addition of 6 mg / L of plant hormone BA to the medium were grown. After 44 days in the hormone infused media, none of the 18 observed plants grew any extra shoots. The number of leaves was the only factor that changed. From an average of 2.0 leaves per plant it changed to 3.17 leaves per plant. |
