VERBAL ASPECT, ARGUMENTS AND STATE OF AFFAIRS AS REGARDS SEMANTIC GROUP OF VERBS REFERRING TO MENTAL ACTIVITIES
| Autor: | Kulčar, Marjan |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | Zemljak Jontes, Melita |
| Jazyk: | slovinština |
| Rok vydání: | 2014 |
| Předmět: |
verbal aspect pair
telično dogajanje telični dogodek udeleženci udc:811.163.6'367.625(043.2) Glagolski vid state perfective compound predponskoobrazilno tvorjeni glagol netelično dogajanje type of verb situation accomplishment vidski par pomenska vloga udeležencev (verbal) aspect activity semantic role of arguments tip glagolskega položaja netelični dogodek achievement netvorjeni glagol non-simplex verb with prefix arguments simplex verb vidsko nasprotje stanje dovršna sestavljenka aspect contrast semelfactive |
| Zdroj: | Maribor |
| Popis: | Jasno razmerje lahko zaznamo med tipi glagolskih položajev in vezljivostnimi vzorci tako smo z analizo vezljivostnih vzorcev glede na tip glagolskega položaja ugotovili, da so osnovna telična dogajanja in osnovni telični dogodki ter stanja praviloma dvovezljivi, za osnovna netelična dogajanja pa je značilna tako samo leva kot tudi leva in desna vezljivost. Kar zadeva pomenske vloge udeležencev določenega tipa glagolskega položaja, imajo npr. glagolski položaji, ki zaznamujejo stanje, praviloma dva obveznovezljiva udeleženca: prvi udeleženec, tj. levi udeleženec, nastopa v vlogi nosilca stanja, drugi udeleženec, tj. desni udeleženec, pa označuje vsebino dejanja. V nestanjskih glagolskih položajih glagolov miselne aktivnosti levi udeleženec največkrat predstavlja vršilca dejanja, desni udeleženec pa izraža vsebinskega udeleženca. V teličnih dogajanjih in teličnih dogodkih igra odločilno vlogo števnost oz. konkretnost desnega udeleženca, sicer ne more priti do uspešnega konca dejanja, kateremu sledi sprememba stanja. Glagoli miselne aktivnosti izražajo spremembo stanja v zavesti enega izmed udeležencev, ponavadi v zavesti levega udeleženca. Vidskoparno razmerje je možno le v nekaterih primerih netvorjenih glagolov miselne aktivnosti, npr. izumiti davek – izumljati davek, preučevati zahtevo Arbourjeve – preučiti zahtevo Arbourjeve, koprski kriminalisti sklepati obroč – koprski kriminalisti skleniti obroč in učiti se besedilo – naučiti se besedilo. Vidska nasprotja brez vidskoparnega značaja obstajajo med vsemi netvorjenimi glagoli miselne aktivnosti in njihovimi predponskoobrazilnimi tvorjenkami oz. dovršnimi sestavljenkami, npr. misliti – domisliti itd., medtem ko med dovršnimi sestavljenkami in njihovimi drugotnimi nedovršniki obstaja vidskoparno razmerje. Prefiksacija netvorjenega glagola misliti s predponskimi obrazili do-, iz-, na-, o-, od-, po-, pre-, raz-, u- in za- vselej povzroči spremembo glagolskega vida netvorjenega glagola, v večini primerov pa tudi spremembo glagolske vezljivosti netvorjenega glagola glede na netvorjeni glagol misliti, ki zaznamuje glagolski položaj stanje, se zgodi tudi sprememba tipa glagolskega položaja. A clear relationship can also be traced among the types of verbal situations and linkage patterns thus it has been established, through the analysis of linkage patterns as regards the type of verbal situations, that, as a rule, basic accomplishments and basic achievements and states are double-linked in that basic activities feature only left-hand linkage as well as left-hand and right-hand linkage. As regards the semantic role of the arguments of particular type of verbal situation, as a rule, the verbal situations which mark the state of affairs have two mandatory linking arguments: the first elements, the so-called left argument plays the role of the carrier of state of affairs while the second argument, the so-called right argument, marks the contents of the action. As regards the non-states expressing mental activities, and in most cases, the left argument marks the agent of the action while the right argument marks the semantic argument. Not only in accomplishments but also in achievements the quantity or the concreteness of the right argument plays a crucial role, or else it is not possible for the action to be successfully completed, which is then followed by the change in state of affairs. The verbs of mental activity mark the change in state of affairs in the mind of one of the participants, usually in the mind of the left argument. The relation of aspect pair is only possible in some examples of basic verbs of mental activity, e.g. izumiti davek – izumljati davek, preučevati zahtevo Arbourjeve – preučiti zahtevo Arbourjeve, koprski kriminalisti sklepati obroč – koprski kriminalisti skleniti obroč and učiti se besedilo – naučiti se besedilo. Aspect contrasts with no aspect pair properties only exist among all their simplex verbs of mental activity and their compounds with prefixes or perfective compounds, e.g. misliti – domisliti etc. in that between perfective compounds and their secondary imperfectives there is a relation of aspect pair. Prefixation of simplex verb misliti with prefixes do-, iz-, o-, od-, po-, pre-, raz-, u- and za- always causes a change of verbal aspect of simplex verb, and in most cases it also causes a change of verbal linkage of simplex verb as regards the simplex verb misliti which marks the verbal situation of state there is also a change of the type of verbal situation, due to the fact that all perfective compounds mark the verbal situation of achievements as well as a change of the meaning of finite compound in relation to the simplex verb think so that the meaning of finite compounds is quite often removed a great deal from the meaning of simplex verb misliti. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|