Establishment of commonhold tenure based on ZVEtL-1

Autor: Štampalija, Nuša
Přispěvatelé: Vrenčur, Renato
Jazyk: slovinština
Rok vydání: 2018
Předmět:
Zdroj: Maribor
Popis: Zakon o vzpostavitvi etažne lastnine na določenih delih stavbe in o ugotavljanju pripadajočega zemljišča (ZVEtL-1) je stopil v veljavo 19.7.2017 in nadomestil prej veljavni Zakon o vzpostavitvi etažne lastnine na predlog upravičenega pridobitelja posameznega dela stavbe in o določanju pripadajočega zemljišča (ZVEtL). Poglavitni cilj zakona je vzpostaviti postopek v katerem lahko zunajknjižni pridobitelji posameznih delov dosežejo evidentiranje svoje dejansko obstoječe etažne lastnine, ki je nastala v času prejšnje ureditve v katero sprejem nove sistemske zakonodaje, ni posegel. ZVEtL-1 je tako kot njegov predhodnik zapolnil pravno praznino in zunajknjižnim pridobiteljem zagotovil pravno varstvo na način, da lahko na podlagi pravnega naslova, ki izkazuje pridobitev lastninske pravice na posameznem delu stavbe, zahteva vzpostavitev in v nepremičninskih evidencah ustrezno evidentiranje etažne lastnine. Z vzpostavitvijo in evidentiranjem dejansko obstoječe etažne lastnine, ki še ni prilagojena zahtevam danes veljavnim zemljiškoknjižnim predpisov, se bo odpravilo neskladje med obstoječim dejanskim stanjem in evidentiranim stanjem v nepremičninskih evidencah. Nepremičninske evidence bodo postale kvalitetnejše, kar je v širšem javnem interesu in zaradi uveljavljenih načel zemljiškoknjižnega prava bistvenega pomena za pravno varnost nepremičninskega trga. Z začetkom uporabe ZVEtL so se v praksi začele kazati ovire, ki so oteževale izvajanje postopka in zavirale zakonodajalčev cilj po hitrem, učinkovitem in ekonomičnem postopku. Odpirala so se temeljna vprašanja kot na primer kdo so upravičeni predlagatelji postopka, kakšno je razmerje med postopkom vzpostavitve etažne lastnine in postopkom določitve danes ugotovitve etažne lastnine, vprašanja vezana na pravni naslov pridobitve lastninske pravice na posameznem delu stavbe, pogoji priposestovanja, itd. Zakonodajalec je z ZVEtL-1 poskušal odpraviti zaznane administrativne ovire in postopka še dodatno poenostaviti, pri tem pa povzel ustrezne rešitve, ki so jih sodišče izoblikovala ob uporabi ZVEtL. ZVEtL-1 je skupnosti vsakokratnih lastnikov etažnih lastnikov podelil pravdno sposobnost, določneje opredeli kdaj so izpolnjeni pogoji za začetek postopka vzpostavitve etažne lastnine, izrecno navedel zahtevke, ki jih lahko predlagatelj uveljavlja, razširil aktivno procesno legitimacijo, poenostavil obveščanje o postopku z institutom dodatnega obveščanja v stavbi, odpravil omejitev glede vzporednega teka postopkov po ZVEtL in denacionalizacijskih postopkov, omejih potrebo po spremembi vpisov v kataster stavb, dopolnil določbe glede pravnih naslovov, nedvoumno povzel pogoje za dokazovanje priposestovanja, in druge spremembe, ki so predstavljene v magistrskem delu. “ZVEtL-1”, the Act Establishing Commonhold Tenure in Certain Buildings and Determining Commonhold Land, which entered into force on July 19, 2017, replaced the Act on the Acquisition of the Strata Title of a Part of a Building on the Proposal of the Owner and on Determining the Land Belonging Thereto (“ZVEtL”). The main objective of the Act is to establish the procedure for the owners of the individual parts that have not yet been entered into real-estate registry, to be able to register their existing commonhold tenures from the time of the previous legislation, which was not affected by the new framework legislation. As its precedent, “ZVEtL-1” filled the legislative gap and guaranteed the legal protection for the non-registered owners in order to enable them to demand, on the basis of the legal title demonstrating the acquirement of the ownership rights for the individual part of the building, the establishment and the appropriate entry of the commonhold tenure in the real-estate registry. Establishing and registration of the actual existing commonhold tenures that have not yet been adapted to the demands of the provisions from the current land register will dispel any discrepancies between the factual situation and the recorded state in the real-estate registry. Therefore, the quality of the real-estate register will be improved, which is of interest to broader public, and essential for the legal safety of the real-estate market due to the established principles of the land registry law. With “ZVEtL” coming into effect, some obstacles appeared in practice, disrupting the implementation of the process and hampering the legislator’s objective for the process to be quick, effective and economical. This raises fundamental questions such as: “Who is entitled to propose the procedure?”, “What is the correlation between the procedure of establishing the commonhold tenure and the procedure of defining or determining the commonhold tenure?”, as well as question regarding the legal title for the ownership right of the individual part of a building, the conditions for the positive prescription, etc. “ZVEtL-1”’s legislator’s aim was to eliminate the perceived administrative obstacles and to additionally simplify the procedure by summing up the courts’ solutions of “ZVEtL” in use. “ZVEtL-1” made the community of respective owners of commonhold tenures capable to be a party to legal procedures, and defined in a more concrete way when the conditions to start establishing the procedure for commonhold tenure are fulfilled, as well as the claims the applicants can make. The Act also expanded the active locus standi, simplified the informing about the procedure of the established additional informing in the building, eliminated the restrictions about the parallel “ZVEtL” and denationalisation procedures, restricted the need to modify the cadastral parcels registration, complemented the provisions about legal titles, clearly summed up the conditions for proving of positive prescription and other modifications, which are represented in this thesis.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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