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Leta 2011 so slovenske banke vpeljale boljše varnostne standarde za preprečevanje zlorab plačilnih oz. bančnih kartic. Ironično je to, da je stranski učinek boljše varnosti več kraj magnetnih zapisov kartic uporabnikov slovenskih bank (Voh Boštic, 2015). V diplomskem delu bomo najprej na kratko predstavili zgodovino in začetek zlorab s plačilnimi karticami, potem pa obravnavali najpogostejše vrste prevar prek plačilnih kartic in te razdelili v tri skupine, in sicer: fizične prevare, prevare trgovcev in prevare plačilnih kartic prek spleta. Potem sledi poglavje o tem, kako se zaščitimo oz. obvarujemo fizičnih prevar in prevar prek spleta. Predstavljena bo globalna statistika zlorab plačilnih, debetnih in kreditnih kartic ter škoda, ki nastane v primeru zlorabe. Prav tako bo predstavljena statistika za Slovenijo in ZDA. ZDA so na svetu najbolj izpostavljene zlorabam plačilnih kartic, zato smo primerjali zakone in kazni za zlorabo plačilnih, debetnih in kreditnih kartic v ZDA in Sloveniji. Opravili smo dva intervjuja in pregledali povzetek sodne preiskave, da si lažje predstavljamo celoten postopek pridobitve, ponarejanja in uporabe ukradenih in kopiranih plačilnih kartic. Intervjuja se razlikujeta v postopkih zlorabe in dogodka iz intervjujev sta drug od drugega časovno oddaljena 20 let, kar pomeni, da je en intervjuvanec izvajal zlorabo kartic, ko splet še ni bil tako dostopen kot danes oz. je pridobil zlorabil in uporabil kartice brez spleta. Drugi primer pa je ravno nasproten, saj je intervjuvanec kot glavno sredstvo za zlorabo uporabil splet. Predstavili bomo tudi primere iz zgodovine, ko so bila oškodovana velika podjetja in so bile izgube merjene v milijonih ameriških dolarjev, prav tako pa je bilo izgubljenih na milijone osebnih podatkov in podatkov plačilnih kartic, predstavljeni pa bodo še vzroki, zakaj je prišlo do tega. In 2011, Slovenian banks introduced improved security standards for preventing the abuse of bank cards. It is ironic an increase in the theft of magnetic stripes from Slovenian bank users was the side effect of the improved security (Voh Boštic, 2015). In my thesis, I will firstly present the history of bank card fraud which will be followed by a chapter describing the most common types of fraud with debit cards and then dividing them into three groups: physical scams, scams of sellers and fraud with debit cards over the internet. This chapter shall be followed by some guidelines on how to protect yourself from physical scams and scams over the internet. Global statistics of debit and credit card fraud shall be presented and also the damages that come along with it. Statistics for Slovenia and USA shall be presented separately. The USA is the most exposed to debit card fraud in the world, therefore we compared their law and their sanctions for related crimes to Slovenian law. I have conducted two interviews and reviewed the summary of the judicial investigation to obtain a better insight into the entire process of gaining, falsification and use of stolen or counterfeit bank cards. The interviewees differ in the previously mentioned processes and have a 20-year gap between the crimes that have been committed. That means that the first interviewee worked in the era when the Internet was not as accessible as it is today. The second interviewee, on the other hand, committed fraud using the Internet as his main tool. I will also present some public cases of bank card fraud which had hit large companies and resulted in million dollar losses and losses of personal data and debit card data, and the reasons why they occurred. |
