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Izhodišča: Z napredkom sodobne medicine se je življenjska doba ljudi podaljšala. S tem se je povečalo tudi število starostnikov, ki zaradi različnih kroničnih obolenj, kamor spada tudi demenca, potrebujejo namestitev v socialno varstveni zavod. Bolečina je pogost spremljevalec starejših oseb, obolelih za demenco, ki vpliva na kakovost življenja. Starostnik z demenco pogosto ne more in/ali ne zna verbalno izraziti bolečine, zato ocenjevanje le te, predstavlja velik izziv za zdravstveno nego. Raziskovalne metode: V zaključnem delu smo uporabili kvantitativno metodologijo raziskovanja. Raziskavo smo izvedli v socialno varstvenem zavodu na območju severovzhodne Slovenije. Kot instrument zbiranja podatkov smo uporabili Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia (PAINAD) lestvico. Posamezne vedenjske kategorije smo ocenili zjutraj in zvečer ter jih primerjali s parnim t-testom. Notranjo konsistentnost lestvice PAINAD smo preverili s pomočjo Cronbachovega koeficienta alfa. Rezultate raziskave smo statistično obdelali v računalniškem programu Microsoft Office Professional Program 2016 in IBM SPSS Statistics. Rezultati: Z raziskavo smo ugotovili, da je lestvica PAINAD zanesljivo in uporabno orodje za ocenjevanje bolečine pri starejših osebah, obolelih za demenco. Zanesljivost smo potrdili s pomočjo Cronbachovega koeficienta alfa, ki znaša 0,84. Podatki kažejo, da ni statistično signifikantnih odstopanj med ocenami vedenjskih kategorij zjutraj in zvečer (p < 0,05). Diskusija in zaključek: Bolečina pri starostniku z demenco predstavlja velik problem in nikakor ne sme biti spregledana. Ne prepoznavanje bolečine ter posledično nezdravljenje lahko povzročita veliko težav. Pomembno vlogo v obravnavi bolečine pri osebah z demenco imajo medicinske sestre, ki negujejo tako osebo. Celostna obravnava bolečine pri starostniku z demenco je ključna za zagotavljanje njihovega dobrega počutja. Introduction: With the advancement of modern medicine, the life span of humans has been extended. This has also increased the number of older people who, due to various chronic conditions, including dementia, need placement in the nursing home. Pain is a common companion to older people with dementia, which affects the quality of life. An older people with dementia are often unable and / or unable to verbally express pain, so assessing it is a major challenge for nursing. Methodology of research: In the final thesis we used quantitative research methodology. The research was carried out in the nursing home in the area of northeastern Slovenia. Pain Assessment and Advanced Dementia (PAINAD) scale was used as the data collection instrument. The measured points in the morning and evening were compared with the paired t-test. The internal consistency of the PAINAD scale was verified using the Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The survey results were statistically processed in Microsoft Office Professional Program 2016 and IBM SPSS Statistics. Results: The study found that the PAINAD scale is a reliable and useful tool for the assessment of pain in older people with dementia. Reliability was confirmed using a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.84. The paired t-test showed that there were no statistically significant deviations in the measurement of behavioral categories in the morning and evening (p < 0,05). Discussion and conclusion: Pain for the elderly with dementia is a major problem and should not be overlooked. Not recognizing the pain and consequently not being treated can cause a lot of problems. Nurses caring for such a person play an important role in the treatment of pain in people with dementia. Integrated treatment of pain in the elderly with dementia is key to ensuring their well-being. |
