Adipose tissue NAD(+)-homeostasis, sirtuins and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases - important players in mitochondrial metabolism and metabolic health
Autor: | Jokinen, Riikka, Pirnes-Karhu, Sini, Pietilainen, Kirsi H., Pirinen, Eija |
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Přispěvatelé: | Research Programs Unit, University of Helsinki, Diabetes and Obesity Research Program, Research Programme for Molecular Neurology, Clinicum, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Department of Medicine, Endokrinologian yksikkö, Eija Pirinen / Principal Investigator, HUS Abdominal Center |
Jazyk: | angličtina |
Rok vydání: | 2017 |
Předmět: |
HIGH-FAT DIET
INSULIN SENSITIVITY Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases INDUCED OBESITY ENERGY-EXPENDITURE Adipose tissue NICOTINAMIDE MONONUCLEOTIDE Mitochondria BROWN FAT 3121 General medicine internal medicine and other clinical medicine CALORIE RESTRICTION Sirtuins LOW SIRT1 EXPRESSION Obesity NAD(+) MEDIATED NAD(+) BIOSYNTHESIS PPAR-GAMMA ACTIVITY |
Popis: | Obesity, a chronic state of energy overload, is characterized by adipose tissue dysfunction that is considered to be the major driver for obesity associated metabolic complications. The reasons for adipose tissue dysfunction are incompletely understood, but one potential contributing factor is adipose tissue mitochondrial dysfunction. Derangements of adipose tissue mitochondrial biogenesis and pathways associate with obesity and metabolic diseases. Mitochondria are central organelles in energy metabolism through their role in energy derivation through catabolic oxidative reactions. The mitochondrial processes are dependent on the proper NAD(+)/NADH redox balance and NAD+ is essential for reactions catalyzed by the key regulators of mitochondrial metabolism, sirtuins (SIRTs) and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs). Notably, obesity is associated with disturbed adipose tissue NAD(+) homeostasis and the balance of SIRT and PARP activities. In this review we aim to summarize existing literature on the maintenance of intracellular NAD(+) pools and the function of SIRTs and PARPs in adipose tissue during normal and obese conditions, with the purpose of comprehending their potential role in mitochondrial derangements and obesity associated metabolic complications. Understanding the molecular mechanisms that are the root cause of the adipose tissue mitochondrial derangements is crucial for developing new effective strategies to reverse obesity associated metabolic complications. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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