| Autor: |
Doyle, Stephen R., Cortet, Jacques, Cabaret, Jacques, Berriman, Matthew, Holroyd, Nancy, Cotton, James A. |
| Přispěvatelé: |
Sallé, Guillaume |
| Jazyk: |
angličtina |
| Rok vydání: |
2018 |
| Předmět: |
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| Zdroj: |
The global diversity of a major parasitic nematode is shaped by human intervention and climatic adaptation(2018) |
| Popis: |
The gastrointestinal parasite Haemonchus contortus is the most pathogenic nematode of veterinary interest and a model for many aspects of parasitic nematode biology. Using single-worm whole genome sequencing, we have performed the most exhaustive survey of genome-wide diversity undertaken for any parasitic nematode, considering 19 populations spanning five continents. Phylogenetic inference supports an African origin for the species. However, contemporary global distribution has been mediated by modern human movement, with evidence for parasites spreading during the transatlantic slave trade and colonisation of Australia presented. Like other veterinary and human parasitic nematodes, H. contortus infections are controlled by widespread administration of anthelmintic drugs. Strong selection in response to benzimidazole treatment has impacted genetic diversity surrounding the β-tubulin locus independently throughout the world. Further, regions of high diversifying selection were enriched in genes involved in response to drugs as well as other anthelmintic-associated biological functions including pharyngeal pumping and oviposition. From these analyses, we identified genes putatively linked to ivermectin resistance that could be used in monitoring drug resistance. Finally, we describe genetic signatures of climate-driven adaptation, revealing that epigenetic regulation and components of the dauer pathway may play a role in adaptation in the face of climatic fluctuations. These results are the first to identify signatures of genetic adaptation to climate in a parasitic nematode, and provides insight into the ongoing expansion in the range of Haemonchus contortus, which may have consequences for the management of this parasite. |
| Databáze: |
OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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