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peer-reviewed Emerging antimicrobial resistance is one of the barriers in controlling pathogenic bacteria. In attempting to understand the emergence of antimicrobial resistance, European Member States are obliged to monitor and report antimicrobial resistance in zoonotic Salmonella spp., and Campylobacter spp., isolates from food-producing animals since 2003. Reporting on actual consumption of antimicrobial agents has been underway since 2010, together with monitoring and reporting of sales of veterinary antimicrobial agents since 2009, by some countries and encompassing most of the EU/EEA in later years. The first integrated report by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) suggesting possible relationships between the consumption of antimicrobial agents and the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance was published in 2015. The scope of the report was limited to a comparison of consumption of antimicrobials in food-producing animals including Campylobacter spp., Salmonella spp., and Escherichia coli as an indicator pathogen. The antimicrobials tested for emerging resistance due to consumption were the fluoroquinolones, 3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins and the tetracyclines. Monitoring has been from, healthy animals and food for Campylobacter spp., while for Salmonella spp., monitoring has been on the prevalence of the bacteria. Macrolides against Campylobacter spp., only were also monitored. The data provides a baseline for emerging antimicrobial resistance knowledge and when and if control measures are working. PUBLISHED |