Korčulanski statut o životinjama i proizvodima životinjskoga podrijetla
| Autor: | Petar Džaja, Krešimir Severin, Josip Mihalj, Damir Agičić, Joško Stojanović, Antonio Lokin, Željko Grabarević |
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| Jazyk: | chorvatština |
| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Zdroj: | Hrvatski veterinarski vjesnik Volume 21 Issue 1/2 |
| ISSN: | 1330-2124 |
| Popis: | Korčulanski statut donesen je 1214., a dorađen 1265. g. i najstariji je pisani statut ne samo na prostorima današnje RH nego i mnogo šire. Smatra se najstarijim pisanim pravnim dokumentom na slavenskim prostorima nakon ruske Pravde iz 12. stoljeća. U Korčulanskom statutu 53 glave posvećene su životinjama, pastirima, proizvodima životinjskoga podrijetla, ubrajajući ovdje i sve ono što je u svezi sa životinjama, primjerice naknade šteta na životinjama i sa životinjama i dr. Neke su glave napisane u različita vremena i sastavni su dijelovi pojedinih knjiga Korčulanskoga statuta, ali kako je on jedna cjelina, mi smo glave u ovom radu navodili u skladu pisanom tematikom. Prema Korčulanskom statutu meso i riba mogli su se prodavati samo u mesnicama, odnosno ribarnicama koje su ispunjavale propisane uvjete i koje su plaćale porez. Namirnice su bile dostupne svakomu pod istim uvjetima. Cijena mesa bila je propisana ovisno o životinjskoj vrsti od koje potječe i dobi životinje. Prodaja sira strancima bila je ograničena. Korčulanski statut sadrži pravila o sklapanju i razvrgnuću ugovora o suradnji između pastira i gospodara. Tako je rok za poravnanje svih računa između njih bio godina dana, odnosno najkasnije do Velike Gospe. Propisani su i načini držanja životinja, mjesta dopuštenoga pašarenja za pojedine životinjske vrste na otoku Korčuli uz određene kazne za prekršitelje. U Korčulanskom statutu propisane su i naknade za štetu koju su učinile životinje. Ako je nečiji konj pasao žito na tuđem polju ili je netko jahao konja po tuđem polju, morao je platiti kaznu. Ako je netko ozlijedio nečijega konja onesposobivši ga za rad, bio je osuđen na smrt vješanjem. Ako je pas nanio ozljede životinjama, vlasniku je savjetovano da ga ubije. Onomu tko upropasti tuđega vola, to jest hotimice ga ubije ili ga ranjavanjem onesposobi, odsijecala se desna ruka. Ako je, pak, riječ bila o dvama volovima, odsijecala mu se desna ruka i noga. Ako je riječ bila o trima volovima ili o više njih, takav je zločinac bio osuđen na smrt vješanjem. Za kravu i magarca vrijedile su iste odredbe kao i za vola. Ako se zločinac nije mogao pronaći, selo u kojem se zločin dogodio plaćalo je odštetu vlasniku stvari, tj. životinje. Statute of Korčula was adopted in 1214 and revised 1265, it still belongs to the oldest written statutes not only on the territory of the present Croatia, but also much wider. It is believed to be the oldest legal document (1214.,1265.) in Slavic areas after the Russian Justice from the 12th century. Some chapters were adopted at different times and they are integral parts of some books of Korčula’s Statute but in spite of that thematic units are discussed by the subject matter. The 53 chapters of the statute of Korčula are devoted to animals, shepherds, animal products including all that is related to animals such as damage compensation on and from animals, places of water supply etc. According to the Statute, meat and fi sh could be sold only in the butcher’s shop or the fi sh market if the required conditions are fulfi lled and if taxes are paid. Animal foodstuffs were available to everyone under the same conditions. Meat price was determined according to the type of animal and the age of the animal. Cheese sale to foreigners was limited. The statute of Korčula prescribes the conditions for conclusion and dissolution of agreement on cooperation between the shepherds and the owners. The deadline for settling all accounts between them was one year or the Feast of the Assumption of Mary at the latest. It also prescribes the methods of keeping animals, the areas where grazing is permitted on the island of Korčula for a particular species and the amount of penalty for the offender. Also, the Statute of Korčula regulated compensation for damage caused by animals. So, if someone is riding a horse in someone else’s fi eld or horse fed grain the penalty had to be paid. In case someone hurt someone’s horse in such a way that it was disabled for work the punishment was hanging to death. In case a dog caused injuries to some animals, the owner was advised to kill him. If someone intentionally killed or injured someone else’s ox, his right hand had to be cut off. In the case of two oxen their right arm and leg had to be cut off. For three or more oxen the punishment was hanging by rope. The same punishment applied to injuring a donkey or a cow. If the offender could not be found, the village where the offense occurred had to pay compensation to the animal owner. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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