Znamo li prepoznati i dijagnosticirati bipolarni afektivni poremećaj?
| Autor: | Alma Mihaljević-Peleš, Marina Šagud, Maja Bajs Janović |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Medicus Volume 26 Issue 2 Psihijatrija danas |
| ISSN: | 1848-8315 1330-013X |
| Popis: | Bipolarni afektivni poremećaj (BAP) jest poremećaj raspoloženja u kojem je emocionalno stanje promijenjeno tako da mijenja naše misli, ponašanje i doživljavanje svijeta oko sebe. Depresija i manija suprotni su polovi ovog poremećaja. Oko ovih „baza“ u različitim vremenskim intervalima bolesnici iskuse povišenje (manija) ili sniženje (depresija) raspoloženja. Zbog ovako promjenjive kliničke slike, koja ima vrlo nepredvidiv klinički tijek, bipolarni se poremećaj često krivo i kasno dijagnosticira. Poremećaj se najčešće prepoznaje kao depresivni poremećaj, jer se u stanju manije bolesnici rijetko javljaju na liječenje. Osim toga BAP često počinje nekim drugim psihijatrijskim poremećajem, npr., anksioznim poremećajem, poremećajem hranjenja ili ovisnosti. Klinički je tijek bolesti takav da mnogi bolesnici mogu imati duge periode spontane remisije, kada nisu potrebni lijekovi. Sve to ne pomaže pri postavljanju dijagnoze. BAP je psihički poremećaj koji bitno narušava biopsihosocijalnu ravnotežu bolesnika, njegove obitelji i okoline te vodi u teško kognitivno oštećenje, koje otežava i skraćuje život ovih bolesnika. Do danas nisu nađeni sigurni biološki i objektivni pokazatelji koji bi osigurali dijagnostiku ovog poremećaja. Jedino cime si možemo pomoći jesu probirni instrumenti HCL-32 i MDQ koji se, nažalost, još i sada premalo rabe u probiru i dijagnostici bipolarnih bolesnika. Bipolar affective disorder is a mood disorder in which an emotional state changes ones thoughts, behavior and the way one percieves and experiences the world. Depression and mania are the opposite poles of this disorder. Around these “bases” at different time intervals, patients experience elevated (mania) or decreased (depression) mood. Due to such a changeable clinical picture, which has an unpredictable clinical course, bipolar disorder (BD) is often misdiagnosed and/or diagnosed late. The disorder is most commonly recognized as a depressive disorder because in the state of mania the patients rarely seek treatment. In addition, BD often begins with some other psychiatric disorder such as anxiety disorder, eating disorder or addiction. The clinical course of the disease is such that many patients may have long periods of spontaneous remission during which no medication is needed, further challenging setting a diagnosis. BD is a mental disorder that significantly disturbs the biopsychosocial equilibrium of the patient, his family and the environment. It leads to serious cognitive impairment that complicates and shortens the lifespan of these patients. To date, no reliable biological and objective markers have been found to ensure the diagnosis of this disorder. We can only use the HCL-32 and MDQ screening instruments and unfortunately, we still do not use these instruments enough in screening and diagnosing bipolar patients. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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