The effect of chloramphenicol on hepatic biotransformation enzyme activity and on the duration of pentobarbital or ketamine/xylazine anesthesia in guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus)

Autor: Andreja Prevendar Crnić, Jelena Pompe-Gotal, Frane Božić, Jelena Šuran, Romel Velev, Darko Sakar
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2009
Předmět:
Zdroj: Veterinarski arhiv
Volume 79
Issue 4
ISSN: 1331-8055
0372-5480
Popis: The effect was investigated of chloramphenicol on the activities of hepatic biotransformation enzymes: aniline hydroxylase (Ah) and ethylmorphine N-demethylase (EtND), as well as on the levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH) in guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus). Moreover, the influence was established of the pre-medication with chloramphenicol on the duration of anesthesia using pentobarbital and ketamine/xylazine guinea pigs. Male guinea pigs, weighing 269-353 g, were subcutaneously (s.c.) treated with 60- and 100 mg chloramphenicol sodium succinate/kg body mass once a day for three days. Thereafter the anesthetics were injected: 30 mg pentobarbital/kg b.m., i.p. in one group and 60 mg ketamine/kg b.m., s.c. + 4 mg xylazine/kg b.m., s.c. in the other group. Treatment with chloramphenicol did not signififi cantly affect the concentration of serum ALT or GLDH. As expected, 100 mg chloramphenicol/kg b.m. significantly decreased the activity of Ah and EtND for -36.1% and -38.6%, respectively. On the other hand, the duration of pentobarbital anaesthesia and ketamine/xylazine-induced anaesthesia in chloramphenicol pre-treated animals was not significantly prolonged. Our results also indicate that decreased enzyme activity in the presence of chloramphenicol did not influence the hepatic metabolism of two tested anaesthetics in guinea pigs, and in contrast to dogs, cats, rats and mice, did not prolong the duration of anaesthesia.
U radu je istražen učinak kloramfenikola na aktivnost jetrenih biotransformacijskih enzima anilin hidroksilazu (Ah) i etilmorfifi n N-demetilazu (EtND) te na razinu serumskih enzima alanin aminotransferaze (ALT) i glutamat dehidrogenaze (GLDH) u zamorčića (Cavia porcellus). Osim toga, istražen je utjecaj premedikacije kloramfenikolom na trajanje anestezije pentobarbitalom i kombinacijom ksilazin/ketamin. Zamorčićima muškoga spola, težine 269-353 g, supkutano je apliciran kloramfenikol u obliku natrijeva sukcinata u dozi 60 i 100 mg/kg tjelesne mase tijekom tri uzastopna dana. Nakon toga primijenjeni su anestetici: prvoj skupini 30 mg pentobarbitala/kg t.m., i.p. i drugoj skupini 60 mg ketamina i 4 mg ksilazina/kg t.m., s.c. Rezultati su pokazali da kloramfenikol nije značajno utjecao na koncentaraciju ALT i GLDH u serumu. Međutim, kloramfenikol u dozi od 100 mg/kg t.m. značajno je umanjio aktivnost Ah i EtND, i to za -36,1% i -38,6%. S druge strane, trajanje anestezije nakon primjene pentobarbitala i kombinacije ketamina i ksilazina u zamorčića prethodno obrađenih kloramfenikolom nije bilo statistički značajno produženo. Naši rezultati upućuju na to da umanjena aktivnost biotransformacijskih enzima nakon primjene kloramfenikola nije utjecala na jetreni metabolizam dvaju testiranih anestetika u zamorčića te da primjena kloramfenikola nije produžila vrijeme trajanja anestezije što je suprotno nalazima kod pasa, mačaka, štakora i miševa.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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