Austrougarske utvrde u Hercegovini Obrambena crta: Kalinovik, Ulog-Obrnja, Nevesinje, Stolac (die zweite linie)

Autor: Manuel Martinović
Jazyk: chorvatština
Rok vydání: 2015
Předmět:
Zdroj: Hercegovina : Časopis za kulturno i povijesno nasljeđe
Volume 26
Issue 1
ISSN: 2712-1844
2566-3429
Popis: Izgradnjom pojasnih utvrda na granici s Crnom Gorom na području Trebinja i Bileće Austro-Ugarska Monarhija uspostavila je u Hercegovini prvu obrambenu crtu koja je bila jamac obrane istočnih granica. Kao pričuvna druga obrambena crta izabran je pojas Kalinovik, Ulog-Obrnja, Nevesinje, Stolac. Osim nabrojenih utvrđenih gradova tu još možemo dodati veoma fortificirane Sarajevo i Mostar gdje je zadnji činio pozadinsku potporu za navedene prve dvije hercegovačke crte. Gledajući od sjevera nalazimo niz od tri utvrde i veliku vojarnu u Kalinoviku, kompleks Ulog-Obrnja imao je vojarnu i utvrdu iznad koje je bila posebna fortifikacija tipa "šanac", Nevesinje je imalo jednu utvrdu i defanzivnu vojarnu te na kraju Stolac s tri utvrde i velikim kompleksom obrambene vojarne. Sve austrougarske utvrde u Hercegovini ispunile su svoju ulogu i tijekom Prvoga svjetskog rata protivnička strana nije uspjela probiti i zauzeti branjeno područje.
Immediately upon arrival in Bosnia-Herzegovina in 1878, Austria-Hungary started building a new fortification system adjusted to modern warfare and contemporary military tactics. With the construction of the fortification belt along the border with Montenegro in the areas of Trebinje and Bileca, the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy established first defensive line in Herzegovina, which was a guarantee of the eastern borders protection. As a backup, second defensive line was set in the belt of Kalinovik, Ulog-Obrnja, Nevesinje and Stolac. Beside these, there were very well-fortified cities of Sarajevo and Mostar, the latter being a background support to the first two mentioned Herzegovinian lines. Coming from the north, there was a line of three fortifications and large barracks in Kalinovik, the complex of Ulog-Obrnja with barracks and a fort above, which was a special type of 'moat' fortification, then Nevesinje with a fort and defensive barracks and finally Stolac with three forts and a large complex of defensive barracks. During World War I all the Austro-Hungarian forts in Herzegovina fulfilled their defensive function. Unfortunately, the devastation of the Austro-Hungarian military fortifications, which began with the fall of the Monarchy, has continued up to day. Although the objects were built in the period between 1878 and 1918, they have kept not only historical but also aesthetic value. The fact that only three Austro-Hungarian forts have been registered as national monuments (Bijela Tabija in Sarajevo - due to an older complex on the same site, Stolac - for the same reason as the previous, and Vraca in Sarajevo - as a location of World War II events) shows the negligence of the state for the fortifications more than 130 years old.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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