Žuta i bijela imela na području Uprava šuma podružnica Našice i Osijek

Autor: Marilena Idžojtić, Milan Glavaš, Marko Zebec, Renata Pernar, Josip Bećarević, Karmela Glova, Stjepan Plantak
Jazyk: chorvatština
Rok vydání: 2007
Předmět:
Zdroj: Šumarski list
Volume 131
Issue 3-4
ISSN: 1846-9140
0373-1332
Popis: Istraživanje je provedeno na području kojim gospodare Hrvatske šume d.o.o. Zagreb, Uprava šuma podružnica (UŠP) Našice (6 šumarija: Ćeralije, Donji Miholjac, Đurđenovac, Koška, Slatina i Voćin) i UŠP Osijek (5 šumarija: Batina, Darda, Đakovo, Levanjska Varoš i Tikveš), za dvije vrste imele: žutu imelu (Loranthus europaeus Jacq.) i bjelogoričnu bijelu imelu (V. album L. ssp. album). Domaćini na kojima su imele istražene bili su: Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl., Q. robur L., Q. cerris L., Populus alba L., P. tremula L., P. nigra L., P. ×canadensis Moench, Salix alba L., Fagus sylvatica L., Carpinus betulus L., Prunus avium L., Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl, F. pennsylvanica Marshall, Juglans nigra L. i Robinia pseudoacacia L. U izabranim odsjecima starijima od 30 godina dijagonalnim pregledom evidentiran je broj zaraženih i nezaraženih stabala, te broj grmova imele na zaraženim stablima. Prikazana je prostorna raspodjela intenziteta zaraze kitnjaka i lužnjaka žutom imelom za osam gospodarskih jedinica. Na području UŠP Našice zaraza lužnjaka žutom imelom značajno je manja (1,7 % od 27.592 pregledanih stabala) nego na području UŠP Osijek (10,1 % od 6.164 pregledana stabla). Za kitnjak je obrnuto, odnosno na području UŠP Osijek zaraza je značajno manja (7 % od 27.518 pregledanih stabala) nego na području UŠP Našice (17,8 % od 11.220 pregledanih stabala). Na zaraženim stablima lužnjaka i kitnjaka prosječno su bila 2 grma imele. Žuta imela dolazi i na ceru, a zabilježena je na 3,7 % od 5.644 pregledana stabla. Na običnoj bukvi i običnom grabu imela je prisutna na području UŠP Osijek, Šumarije Levanjska Varoš. Na istraživanom području bijela imela nije zabilježena na poljskom jasenu, ali je prisutna na 22,4 % pregledanih stabala pensilvanskog jasena, koji je invazivna vrsta u prirodnim šumama poljskog jasena. Bijela imela prisutna je na svim autohtonim vrstama topola (bijeloj, crnoj i trepetljici), kao i na kanadskoj topoli, a u pojedinim gospodarskim jedinicama zaraza je bila različita (1,5-25 % pregledanih stabala). U tri gospodarske jedinice, u kojima je imela istražena na bijeloj vrbi, bilo je zaraženo od 2,5 do 17,3 % pregledanih stabala. Na području Šumarije Levanjska Varoš imela je zabilježena na divljoj trešnji. Od stranih vrsta, značajna je zaraza bijelom imelom kultura crnog oraha (29 % od 361 pregledanog stabla), a dolazi i na 12,6 % od 318 pregledanih stabala običnog bagrema.
The research was carried out in the area managed by Hrvatske šume d.o.o. (Croatian Forests Ltd.), Zagreb, Forest Administration (FA) Našice (6 Forest Offices: Ćeralije, Donji Miholjac, Đurđenovac, Koška, Slatina and Voćin) and FA Osijek (5 Forest Offices: Batina, Darda, Đakovo, Levanjska Varoš and Tikveš), for two mistletoe species: yellow mistletoe (Loranthus europaeus Jacq.) and white-berried mistletoe (V. album L. ssp. album). The hosts on which these two species were investigated were: Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl., Q. robur L., Q. cerris L., Populus alba L., P. tremula L., P. nigra L., P. ×canadensis Moench, Salix alba L., Fagus sylvatica L., Carpinus betulus L., Prunus avium L., Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl, F. pennsylvanica Marshall, Juglans nigra L. and Robinia pseudoacacia L. In the selected subcompartments older than 30 years, through a diagonal survey the number of infected and non-infected trees, as well as the number of mistletoe plants on infected trees was registered. The spatial distribution of the intensity of infection of the sessile and pedunculate oaks with yellow mistletoe in eight management units is shown. In the area of the FA Našice the contagion of the pedunculate oak with yellow mistletoe is considerably lower (1.7 % of 27,592 examined trees) than in the area of the FA Osijek (10.1 % of 6,164 examined trees). For the sessile oak the situation is opposite, i.e. in the area of the FA Osijek the contagion is considerably lower (7 % of 27,518 examined trees) than in the area of the FA Našice (17.8 % of 11.220 examined trees). On the contaminated sessile and pedunculate oak trees there were 2 mistletoe bushes on the average. Yellow mistletoe also occurs on the Turkey oak, and was observed on 3.7 % of 5.644 examined trees. On the common beech and European hornbeam mistletoe is present in the area of the FA Osijek, Forest Office Levanjska Varoš. In the investigated area white-berried mistletoe was not found on the narrow-leaved ash, but was present on 22.4 % of the examined green ash trees, which is an invasive species in natural narrow-leaved ash forests. White mistletoe is present on all autochthonous poplar tree species (white and European black poplar and European aspen), as well as on the Canadian poplar, and in the individual management units the contagion was varying (1.5–25 % of examined trees). In three management units, in which mistletoe was examined on the white willow, 2.5 to 17.3 % of examined trees was contaminated. In the area of the FA Levanjska Varoš mistletoe was found on the wild cherry. Of the foreign species there is considerable contagion of the black walnut trees with mistletoe (29 % of 361 examined trees), and it occurs on 12.6 % of 318 examined trees of the black locust.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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