Fenomenologija kasnog Husserla kao praktična filozofija
| Autor: | Ante Pažanin |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | chorvatština |
| Rok vydání: | 2010 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Politička misao : časopis za politologiju Volume 47 Issue 3 |
| ISSN: | 1846-8721 0032-3241 |
| Popis: | Polazeći od toga da je Husserl bio najtemeljitiji kritičar moderne znanosti i krize u koju su dospjeli europsko ljudstvo i čitav svijet, autor pomno analizira Husserlovu glasovitu raspravu “Kriza evropskog ljudstva i filozofija” (1935) koja iskazuje nastojanje da transcendentalnu fenomenologiju razvije polazeći od povijesnog svijeta života. Temeljna su nastojanja kasnoga Husserla usmjerena na prevladavanje svakog “idealizma i realizma” u novom povijesnom mišljenju životnog svijeta bez zapadanja u historizam. Husserlova Kriza evropskih znanosti i transcendentalna fenomenologija (1936) bila je najutjecajnije djelo ne samo Edmunda Husserla nego čitave tadašnje filozofije. Husserl je pred očima imao svjetsko-povijesnu zadaću fenomenologije da u našem znanstveno-tehničkom dobu istraži i razvije ne samo znanost i tehniku nego umnost i ostalih oblika kulture kao čovjekova ozbiljenja slobode od umjetnosti i politike do ćudorednosti i filozofije, te na taj način prevlada krizu modernoga ljudstva i njegove znanosti u “svjetsko-povijesnom procesu”. U tom je smislu znakovito da Husserl svoju raspravu završava mišlju da kriza europskog opstanka ima samo dva izlaza: “propast Europe” ili “ponovno rađanje Europe iz duha filozofije”. Autor pokazuje kako fenomenologija kasnoga Husserla postaje praktična filozofija, koja kao “ponovno rađanje Europe iz duha filozofije” i time kao potvrđivanje ozbiljenja čovječanstvu kao takvome “urođenog uma”, u sebi obuhvaća konačne i beskonačne “ideale za pojedinačne ljude u njihovim nacijama”, zatim “ideale za same nacije” i za “proširujuću sintezu nacija” (Husserl). Starting from the view that Husserl was the most thorough critic of modern science and of the crisis which seized the European humanity and the entire world, the author meticulously analyses Husserl’s famous treatise “Philosophy and the Crisis of European Humanity” (1935), which expresses an effort to develop the transcendental phenomenology starting from the historical world of life. The fundamental efforts of late Husserl are directed towards overcoming every “idealism and realism” in new historical thinking of the world of life with no deviation into historicism. Husserl’s Crisis of European Sciences and Transcendental Phenomenology (1936) was the most influential work not only of its author, but also of the entire philosophy of the time. Husserl envisaged the world-historical task of phenomenology to explore and develop in our scientific-technological age not only science and technology, but the rationality also of other forms of culture as man’s realization of freedom from art and politics to ethics and philosophy. In this way, the crisis of modern humanity and its science was to be overcome in the “worldhistorical process”. In that sense it is noteworthy that Husserl concludes his treatise with the thought that there are only two ways out of the crisis of European subsistence: a “decline of Europe” or a “rebirth of Europe from the spirit of philosophy”. The author demonstrates how phenomenology in late Husserl becomes practical philosophy, which, as a “rebirth of Europe from the spirit of philosophy”, and by the same token as a confirmation of realization of the “inherent reason”, inherent to mankind as such, encompasses finite and infinite “ideals for individual people in their nations”, as well as “ideals for the nations themselves” and for “the expanding synthesis of nations” (Husserl). |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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