WHEAT BREEDING AT THE OSIJEK AGRICULTURAL INSTITUTE
| Autor: | Georg Drezner |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | chorvatština |
| Rok vydání: | 1995 |
| Předmět: |
Triticum aestivum L.
the Osijek varieties and lines standard varieties pedigree ancestors crossing methods selection criteria genetic advance yield of kernels stem height wheat quality Triticum aestivum L sorte OS linije standardi (pra)roditeljska osnova metode križanja selekcijski kriteriji genetički napredak urod zrna visina stabljike kvaliteta |
| Zdroj: | Sjemenarstvo Volume 12 Issue 1 |
| ISSN: | 1848-9036 1330-0121 |
| Popis: | U kompleksnom oplemenjivačkom programu od 1951. do 1993. godine ostvarene su 11.772 uspJele kombinacije križanja, te je postavljeno 316 sortnih pokusa sa 4835 linija. Između razdoblja od 1951-1960. do 1981-1993. godine povećan je urod OS linija 271,7 % a snižena stabljika od 123 cm na 71 cm. Od 1968. oo 1993. godine priznato je 40 OS sorata. OS sorte i linije pretežno su krušne ili poboljšivači. Danas se OS sorte siju na preko 50% sjetvenih površina u Republici Hrvatskoj, a neke i u inozemstvu. Unatoč višekratnom povećanju obima selekcijskog materijala (1981- 1993) genetički napredak u urodu zrna (od 1985. godine) ima sporiji trend, a visina stabljike čak lagano raste. Moguća poboljšanja oplemenjivačkog programa na pšenici treba tražiti u pravilnim izboru roditelja za križanje ( i poboljšanju postojeće genetske osnove), u testiranju sa standardnim sortama veće rodnosti i/ili kvalitete te u "oštrijoj selekciji" u boljim proizvodnim uvjetima. Within the complex wheat breeding program conducted in Osijek from 1951 do 1993, 11.772 crossing combinations were accomplished and 316 varietal trials with 4.835 lines were established. In the periods from 1951 to 1960, as well as from 1981 to 1993,wheat yields of the Osijek varieties were increased by 271,7%, whereas the plant height was reduced from 123 to 71 cm. From 1968 to 1993, 40 Osijek wheat varieties had been recognized. These varieties and lines are mainly bread ones or improvers. The Osijek wheat varieties have been sown on over 50% of arable land in Croatia, as well as abroad. Despite the increase in the amount of selection material that took place several times (from 1981 to 1993), the genetic advance regarding the level of yield has shown a slowly progressing trend, while even a slight increase in the stem height becomes evident. Possible improvements within the wheat breeding program are to be found in the proper choice of parents used in crossings (including the improvement of the existing genetic basis), comparative tests with standard varieties that attain higher yields or a better quality, as well as in more demanding selection criteria under better conditions of their growing. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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