The environmental impact of sheep wool production and processing
| Autor: | Mioč, Boro, Džaja, Ana, Kasap, Ante, Antunović, Zvonko, Jukić Grbavac, Marija, Držaić, Valentina |
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| Jazyk: | chorvatština |
| Rok vydání: | 2023 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Hrvatski veterinarski vjesnik Volume 31 Issue 1 |
| ISSN: | 1330-2124 |
| Popis: | Vuna je u prošlosti bila jedan od najvažnijih i najcjenjenijih ovčjih proizvoda. Zbog svoje je važnosti nerijetko nazivana „bijelim zlatom“. Većinu proizvedene vune (oko 56 %) prerađuje tekstilna industrija čija je sirovina uglavnom vuna vrhunske kvalitete. U posljednjim je desetljećima, zbog izrazite konkurencije sintetičkih vlakana, znatno smanjen interes za vunom, osobito onom grubom, loše kvalitete (koje je u Europi i Hrvatskoj najviše). Osim toga velik je problem vuneni otpad koji nastaje tijekom striže ovaca i procesa prerade vune. U kategoriju otpadne (neželjene) vune pripada i trbušna vuna finorunih pasmina ovaca koje je u runu oko 20 %. Tijekom procesa prerade (grebanje, češljanje, predenje, tkanje i dr.) otpadne od 10 do 15 % vune. Pranjem vune troši se mnogo energije, rada, vremena te vode koja najčešće završava u okolišu. Sve naglašenija svijest o važnosti očuvanja okoliša i veća potreba za sigurnim i održivim biološkim materijalima pokretač su traženja novih metoda recikliranja vunenog otpada i stvaranja novih proizvoda. Stoga je velik izazov u budućnosti pronaći gospodarski korisna, tržišno isplativa i ekološki prihvatljiva rješenja za nekvalitetnu vunu i vunski otpad, što će izravno pripomoći uzgajivačima i pridonijeti očuvanju okoliša. In the past, wool was one of the most important and valued sheep products. Because of its importance, it was often called „white gold“. Most of the wool produced (about 56%) is processed by the textile industry, whose raw material is mostly high quality wool. In recent decades, interest in wool, especially coarse, low-quality wool (which is most common in Europe and Croatia), has declined significantly due to strong competition from man-made fibers. In addition, the wool waste generated during sheep shearing and wool processing is a significant problem. The category of waste wool (unwanted wool) also includes the belly wool of fine wool sheep breeds, which makes up about 20% of the fleece. During the processing (scratching, combing, spinning, weaving, etc.) 10-15% of the wool is wasted. Washing wool consumes a lot of energy, labour, time and water, which in most cases ends up in the environment. Increasing awareness of the importance of environmental protection and the growing need for safe and sustainable biological materials are driving the search for new methods to recycle wool waste and create new products. So the big challenge for the future is to find economically viable, market-oriented and ecologically sound solutions for low-quality wool and wool waste that directly help producers and protect the environment. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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