Plućna tuberkuloza
| Autor: | Sanja Popović Grle, Jasna Tekavec-Trkanjec, Marija Alilović, Vera Katalinić-Janković |
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| Jazyk: | chorvatština |
| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: | |
| Zdroj: | Infektološki glasnik Volume 33 Issue 2 |
| ISSN: | 1848-7769 1331-2820 |
| Popis: | Tuberkuloza (TBC) je zarazna bolest koja može zahvatiti bilo koji organ ljudskog tijela, ali u 80–90 % slučajeva zahvaća pluća i pridružene respiratorne strukture. Zbog kapljičnog načina širenja, ovaj oblik bolesti je zarazan za okolinu pa stoga još uvijek predstavlja globalni javno zdravstveni problem. U 20. stoljeću mijenjala se klinička slika plućne tuberkuloze, ali i rizičnih grupa. Pojava zaraze HIV-om, produženje života bolesnika s kroničnim bolestima, ali i sve agresivniji medicinski postupci, pogodovali su nastanku novih skupina bolesnika koji značajno češće obolijevaju od TBC. Današnja strategija izravno nadziranog liječenja kratkog trajanja (DOTS, od engl. Directly Observed Therapy Short course) temelji se na kombinaciji više lijekova (da se spriječi razvoj rezistentnih sojeva) i na dovoljno dugom liječenju (da se osigura djelovanje na bakterije u različitim fazama metabolizma). Neadekvatna primjena antituberkulotika i nepridržavanje DOTS strategije dovodi do razvoja rezistentnih sojeva i multirezistente plućne tuberkuloze (MDR-TBC) koja predstavlja globalnu javno zdravstvenu opasnost. Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that can affect any organ of the human body. However, in 80–90 % of cases it affects the respiratory system. Pulmonary TB is highly contagious due to its way of spreading by aerosol and therefore still represents a global public health problem. In the 20th century pulmonary TB has changed its clinical presentation and also target groups of patients. The emergence of HIV-infection, prolonged life expectancy of patients with chronic diseases, and more aggressive medical procedures have favoured the emergence of new groups of patients at increased risk of contracting TB. The current control strategy of Directly Observed Therapy, Short Course (DOTS) is based on the combination of more drugs (to avoid the development of resistant strains) and long enough treatment (to ensure that bacteria in different phases of metabolism will be eradicated). Inadequate use of antituberculotic drugs and failure to follow the DOTS strategy leads to the development of resistant strains and multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis (MDR-TB), which represents a global public health problem. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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